2023-10-31 ニューサウスウェールズ大学(UNSW)
◆この研究では、複数のパンデミック波にわたる期間で、非喘息患者と喘息患者の間に、ICUへの入院などの疾患重症度の指標において有意な違いが見られなかったと報告されています。したがって、喘息のある子供はCOVID-19の重症リスクが高いわけではない可能性が示されました。
<関連情報>
- https://newsroom.unsw.edu.au/news/health/children-asthma-not-higher-risk-severe-covid-research-suggests
- https://www.dovepress.com/asthma-and-susceptibility-to-covid-19-in-australian-children-during-al-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JAA
COVID-19パンデミックのアルファ波、デルタ波、オミクロン波におけるオーストラリアの小児の喘息とCOVID-19への感受性
Asthma and Susceptibility to COVID-19 in Australian Children During Alpha, Delta and Omicron Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Mei Chan,Louisa Owens,Melinda Louise Gray,Hiran Selvadurai,Adam Jaffe,Nusrat Homaira
The Journal of Asthma and Allergy Published:13 October 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.2147/JAA.S421158
Purpose: Earlier coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic reports did not implicate increased disease burden in asthmatics while subsequent findings have been inconsistent. To date, the impact of COVID-19 on childhood asthma remains undetermined and is further complicated with ongoing emergence of new variants. This study aimed to investigate association between asthma and COVID-19 for children in New South Wales (NSW), Australia and compare its differences across four major outbreaks from alpha, delta and omicron variants/subvariants.
Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of all children aged ≤ 17 years old who sought care for COVID-19 at Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network (SCHN) between 1 January 2020 and 31 May 2022.
Results: Of the 18,932 children with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed COVID-19 who attended SCHN, 60% received their care during delta wave, and 5.41% (n = 913) had prior diagnosis of asthma. Among children with COVID-19, the odds of having asthma were lower during alpha (aOR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.19– 0.83) and delta wave (aOR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73– 0.96), but were higher during omicron wave (aOR = 1.56; 95% CI, 1.23– 1.95). Length of hospital stay (LOS) for asthmatic children were increased by 0.55 days and 1.17 days during delta and the second omicron wave, respectively. Intensive care and mechanical ventilation requirements were not significantly different between asthmatic and non-asthmatic children. Eleven deaths were reported but none had asthma.
Conclusion: Although children with asthma were more susceptible to COVID-19 infections during omicron waves compared to that of alpha or delta waves, they were not at greater risk of COVID-19 severity at any stage of the outbreak regardless of the predominant SARS-CoV-2 variants/subvariants.
