2023-04-25 マサチューセッツ工科大学(MIT)
この技術は、従来の止血システムとは異なり、血小板と血液凝固を開始する細胞として機能するヘモスタティックナノ粒子と、血栓を形成するタンパク質であるフィブリノーゲンのアクションを模倣している。軍隊などでの内出血の遅れた治療が予防可能な死因の最大の原因の1つであるため、内部出血を防止する方法を見つけることは、特に重要だとされている。
この技術は現在、マサチューセッツ州立病院の研究者と協力して、大型動物モデルでテストされている。
<関連情報>
- https://news.mit.edu/2023/two-component-system-halt-internal-bleeding-0425
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/adhm.202202756
創傷をターゲットとした架橋による内出血治療のための2成分系止血材のエンジニアリング。 Engineering a Two-Component Hemostat for the Treatment of Internal Bleeding through Wound-Targeted Crosslinking
Celestine Hong, Yanpu He, Porter A. Bowen, Angela M. Belcher, Bradley D. Olsen, Paula T. Hammond
Advanced Healthcare Materials Published: 05 April 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202202756
Abstract
Primary hemostasis (platelet plug formation) and secondary hemostasis (fibrin clot formation) are intertwined processes that occur upon vascular injury. Researchers have sought to target wounds by leveraging cues specific to these processes, such as using peptides that bind activated platelets or fibrin. While these materials have shown success in various injury models, they are commonly designed for the purpose of treating solely primary or secondary hemostasis. In this work, a two-component system consisting of a targeting component (azide/GRGDS PEG-PLGA nanoparticles) and a crosslinking component (multifunctional DBCO) is developed to treat internal bleeding. The system leverages increased injury accumulation to achieve crosslinking above a critical concentration, addressing both primary and secondary hemostasis by amplifying platelet recruitment and mitigating plasminolysis for greater clot stability. Nanoparticle aggregation is measured to validate concentration-dependent crosslinking, while a 1:3 azide/GRGDS ratio is found to increase platelet recruitment, decrease clot degradation in hemodiluted environments, and decrease complement activation. Finally, this approach significantly increases survival relative to the particle-only control in a liver resection model. In light of prior successes with the particle-only system, these results emphasize the potential of this technology in aiding hemostasis and the importance of a holistic approach in engineering new treatments for hemorrhage.
