タバコの煙にさらされると犬のがんリスクが高まる(Exposure to cigarette smoke increases cancer risk in dogs)

2024-01-04

2024-01-03 パデュー大学

◆スコティッシュ・テリアの研究により、たばこ煙が膀胱がんの発症リスクを6倍高めることが判明。
◆パデュー大学のDeborah Knapp率いる研究チームが3年間にわたり120匹のスコティッシュ・テリアを追跡調査し、たばこ煙に晒された犬は煙にさらされていない犬よりも膀胱がんになるリスクが高いことが示された。これにより、個々の犬の健康データを詳細に調査することでがんの発症要因や検出、治療、予防方法に関する理解が深まり、ペットの健康を保護する新たな手段が提案される可能性がある。

<関連情報>

Association between cigarette smoke exposure and urinary bladder cancer in Scottish terriers in a cohort study

D.W. Knapp, D. Dhawan, A. Ruple, B.R. Cooper, M. Zhang, D. Liu, J.A. Ramos-Vara, P.L. Bonney, L.M. Fourez, A.W. Enstrom, S.A. Lahrman, J.A. Tullius
The Veterinary Journal Available online: 23 November 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2023.106044

Highlights

•Cigarette smoke exposure was associated with bladder cancer in Scottish terriers.
•Dog owners are encouraged to avoid smoking to protect their dog’s health.
•Living near a marsh was also associated with bladder cancer.
•Dogs could help identify gene-environment interactions leading to bladder cancer.

Abstract

Canine urothelial carcinoma (UC) initially responds favorably to treatment, but is ultimately lethal in most cases. Research to identify modifiable risk factors to prevent the cancer is essential. The high breed-associated risk for UC, e.g. 20-fold higher in Scottish terriers, can facilitate this research. The objective was to identify environmental and host factors associated with UC in a cohort of Scottish terriers. Information was obtained through dog owner questionnaires for 120 Scottish terriers ≥ 6 years old participating in a bladder cancer screening study, with comparisons made between dogs that did or did not develop UC during the 3 years of screening. Univariable models were constructed, and variables with P < 0.20 were included when building the multivariable model, and then removed using a backward stepwise procedure. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Urine cotinine concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to further investigate potential cigarette smoke exposure. Biopsy-confirmed UC which was found in 32 of 120 dogs, was significantly associated with the dogs living in a household with cigarette smokers (odds ratio [OR], 6.34; 95 % confidence intervals [CI], 1.16–34.69; P = 0.033), living within a mile of a marsh or wetland (OR, 21.23; 95 % CI, 3.64–123.69; P = 0.001), and history of previous bladder infections (OR, 3.87; 95 % CI, 1.0–14.98; P = 0.050). UC was diagnosed in 18 of 51 dogs (35.3 %) with quantifiable cotinine concentrations, and six of 40 dogs (15.0 %) without quantifiable cotinine concentrations in their urine (P = 0.0165). In conclusion, the main modifiable risk factor for UC in this cohort of dogs was exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke.