DNA標識の金ナノ粒子によるがん治療の新手法を開発 (NUS researchers pioneer DNA-tagged gold nanoparticles for targeted cancer treatment)

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2025-01-24 シンガポール国立大学 (NUS)

シンガポール国立大学(NUS)の研究チームは、DNAで修飾した金ナノ粒子を用いた新しいがん治療法を開発しました。このアプローチでは、金ナノ粒子に特定のDNA配列を結合させ、がん細胞の表面に存在する特定の受容体に高い親和性を持つよう設計されています。これにより、金ナノ粒子ががん細胞に選択的に結合し、光熱療法や薬物送達などの治療効果を高めることが可能となります。この技術は、がん治療の精度と効果を向上させ、副作用の軽減にも寄与することが期待されています。

<関連情報>

バーコード化金ナノ粒子のin vivoスクリーニングにより、腫瘍ターゲティングにおける形状の影響が解明される In Vivo Screening of Barcoded Gold Nanoparticles Elucidates the Influence of Shapes for Tumor Targeting

Xingyue Huang, Zhicheng Le, Myint Ba, Arun Kumar, Yingjie Quek, Chencheng Xue, Xinhong Sun, Jessalyn Low, Xuehao Tian, Andy Tay
Advanced Functional Materials  Published: 24 November 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202411566

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles (NPs) are promising for cancer therapy due to their versatile shapes, optical properties, adjustable sizes, and facile functionalization. However, their diverse physicochemical properties, complex in vivo environments, and cellular heterogeneity lead to markedly different interactions with cells, impacting reproducibility and application selection. To address this, we implemented a DNA barcoding system to label gold NPs with varying shapes, sizes, and surface modifications for tumor delivery optimization. Six NP species, comprising three shapes (sphere, rod, triangle) and two sizes (40 nm, 80 nm), were tagged with unique DNA barcodes. Barcodes demonstrated minimal detachment, no interference with cell interactions, and resistance to DNase digestion. Next-generation sequencing revealed that sphere NPs exhibited poor in vitro uptake but superior in vivo tumor targeting, likely due to enhanced endothelial interactions and reduced macrophage clearance. Additionally, 80 nm nanotriangles displayed excellent tumor targeting both in vitro and in vivo. Supporting experiments validated these findings. To demonstrate practical utility, the NPs were applied in siRNA delivery and photothermal therapy in a breast tumor model. This study pioneers the integration of DNA barcoding with gold NPs to systematically explore shape, size, and surface modifications for in vivo delivery.

医療・健康
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