わずか2種類のアミノ酸で構成されたペプチドで 高活性人工酵素を構築~自己組織化を利用し、天然酵素と同等の活性を低コストで実現~

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2025-03-04 東京科学大学

東京科学大学(Science Tokyo)の研究チームは、わずか2種類のアミノ酸からなる短鎖ペプチドを自己組織化させ、電極表面に高活性な人工酵素を構築する技術を開発しました。この手法により、天然酵素と同等の活性を持つ人工酵素を低コストで作製することが可能となり、バイオセンサーや電気化学的触媒の分野での応用が期待されます。本研究成果は、2025年2月16日付で学術誌『ACS Nano』にオンライン掲載されました。

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グラファイト表面におけるヘミン-ペプチド触媒系の階層的集合化 Hierarchical Assembly of Hemin-Peptide Catalytic Systems on Graphite Surfaces

Marie Sugiyama,Ayhan Yurtsever,Nina Uenodan,Yuta Nabae,Takeshi Fukuma,and Yuhei Hayamizu
ACS Nano  Published: February 16, 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.4c15373

Abstract

わずか2種類のアミノ酸で構成されたペプチドで 高活性人工酵素を構築~自己組織化を利用し、天然酵素と同等の活性を低コストで実現~

The formation of molecular hybrid systems with cofactors and peptides on graphite electrodes has recently been demonstrated. The design of peptide sequences is crucial for forming robust catalytic molecular systems on electrodes. However, the relationship between peptide sequences, molecular structure, and catalytic performance has not been fully explored. In this study, we employed peptides with simple dipeptide repeats, which effectively immobilize hemin, to construct a stable catalytic system and investigated the molecular basis of their self-assembly and catalytic activity by varying the sequence. Among peptides containing the dipeptide sequences (YH, VH, and LH), YH demonstrated the most efficient immobilization of hemin, which is catalytically active in electrochemical reactions. Using advanced molecular visualization techniques, specifically frequency modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM), we characterized the well-ordered structures of these peptides on graphite electrodes, revealing their molecular-scale organization. Our findings in electrochemical characterizations include a quantitative evaluation of the surface density of hemin immobilized by self-assembled peptides and the catalytic activity of the peptide-hemin hybrid system under electrochemical conditions in the presence of H2O2. The strong peptide–peptide and peptide-hemin interactions, facilitated by π–π interactions of tyrosine residues, contribute to the system’s stability and efficiency. The dipeptide repeats serve as a useful platform to investigate the role of important amino acids, beyond histidine, in stably immobilizing cofactors. These results highlight the potential for developing durable and efficient catalytic interfaces in electrochemical applications.

生物工学一般
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