コケイン症候群:細胞のDNA修復メカニズムに新たな知見(Cockayne syndrome: new insights into cellular DNA repair mechanism)

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2024-04-10 ミュンヘン大学(LMU)

コケイン症候群は、DNA修復機構の欠陥による重度の疾患であり、UV光や化学物質によるDNA損傷を修復する役割を果たすCSB/ERCC6およびCSA/ERCC8遺伝子について、新たな詳細が明らかになりました。これらの遺伝子は、DNAとタンパク質の結合による損傷を修復し、これにより遺伝子の発現を阻害する障害が解消されることが示唆されました。この発見は、コケイン症候群と光遺伝子皮膚症の病理学的な違いを理解し、CSタンパク質の新たな機能を解明するための基盤となります。

<関連情報>

DNA-タンパク質架橋の転写共役修復はCSAとCSBに依存する Transcription-coupled repair of DNA–protein cross-links depends on CSA and CSB

Christopher J. Carnie,Aleida C. Acampora,Aldo S. Bader,Chimeg Erdenebat,Shubo Zhao,Elnatan Bitensky,Diana van den Heuvel,Avital Parnas,Vipul Gupta,Giuseppina D’Alessandro,Matylda Sczaniecka-Clift,Pedro Weickert,Fatih Aygenli,Maximilian J. Götz,Jacqueline Cordes,Isabel Esain-Garcia,Larry Melidis,Annelotte P. Wondergem,Simon Lam,Maria S. Robles,Shankar Balasubramanian,Sheera Adar,Martijn S. Luijsterburg,Stephen P. Jackson & Julian Stingele
Nature Cell Biology  Published:10 April 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-024-01391-1

コケイン症候群:細胞のDNA修復メカニズムに新たな知見(Cockayne syndrome: new insights into cellular DNA repair mechanism)

Abstract

Covalent DNA–protein cross-links (DPCs) are toxic DNA lesions that block replication and require repair by multiple pathways. Whether transcription blockage contributes to the toxicity of DPCs and how cells respond when RNA polymerases stall at DPCs is unknown. Here we find that DPC formation arrests transcription and induces ubiquitylation and degradation of RNA polymerase II. Using genetic screens and a method for the genome-wide mapping of DNA–protein adducts, DPC sequencing, we discover that Cockayne syndrome (CS) proteins CSB and CSA provide resistance to DPC-inducing agents by promoting DPC repair in actively transcribed genes. Consequently, CSB- or CSA-deficient cells fail to efficiently restart transcription after induction of DPCs. In contrast, nucleotide excision repair factors that act downstream of CSB and CSA at ultraviolet light-induced DNA lesions are dispensable. Our study describes a transcription-coupled DPC repair pathway and suggests that defects in this pathway may contribute to the unique neurological features of CS.

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