黄色ブドウ球菌が湿疹を作るための変異を獲得していることが、新たな分析により明らかになりました。 A new analysis reveals how Staphylococcus aureus gains mutations that allow it to colonize eczema patches.
2023-04-12 マサチューセッツ工科大学(MIT)
黄色ブドウ球菌は通常、皮膚上でより速く増殖することで症状を悪化させますが、研究者らは、この変種が特定の遺伝子に変異を起こすことで、増殖しやすくなることを発見しました。湿疹に関連する微生物にこのような急速な進化を直接観察したのは今回が初めてであり、今回の発見により、湿疹の症状を悪化させる黄色ブドウ球菌の変種を標的とした治療法の開発につながることが期待されます。
本研究は、Cell Host and Microbe誌に掲載されました。
<関連情報>
- https://news.mit.edu/2023/scientists-track-evolution-microbes-skins-surface-0412
- https://www.cell.com/cell-host-microbe/fulltext/S1931-3128(23)00113-0
アトピー性皮膚炎治療中の黄色ブドウ球菌の人為的適応進化について On-person adaptive evolution of Staphylococcus aureus during treatment for atopic dermatitis
Felix M. Key.Veda D. Khadka,Carolina Romo-González,Kimbria J. Blake,Liwen Deng,Tucker C. Lynn,Jean C. Lee,Isaac M. Chiu,Maria T. García-Romero,Tami D. Lieberman
Cell Host and Microbe Published: April 12, 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2023.03.009
Highlights
•Most patients are colonized stably by a single S. aureus sequence type
•Within each lineage, de novo variants spread and replace their on-person ancestors
•On-person and across-person parallel evolution is observed in capD
•Capsule loss enriched on AD patients compared with healthy carriage or other diseases
Summary
The opportunistic pathogen Staphylococcus aureus frequently colonizes the inflamed skin of people with atopic dermatitis (AD) and worsens disease severity by promoting skin damage. Here, we show, by longitudinally tracking 23 children treated for AD, that S. aureus adapts via de novo mutations during colonization. Each patient’s S. aureus population is dominated by a single lineage, with infrequent invasion by distant lineages. Mutations emerge within each lineage at rates similar to those of S. aureus in other contexts. Some variants spread across the body within months, with signatures of adaptive evolution. Most strikingly, mutations in capsule synthesis gene capD underwent parallel evolution in one patient and across-body sweeps in two patients. We confirm that capD negativity is more common in AD than in other contexts, via reanalysis of S. aureus genomes from 276 people. Together, these findings highlight the importance of the mutation level when dissecting the role of microbes in complex disease.
