2023-11-15 ラトガース大学
◆臨床試験では、CBDを使用したグループがプラセボよりも痛みの軽減を報告し、CBDを受けた参加者は噛む力の向上も示唆されました。しかし、CBDグループでの副作用も報告され、今後の研究が必要とされています。CBDが歯科疼痛管理において有用である可能性が示唆され、より大規模な第3相臨床試験が予定されています。
<関連情報>
- https://www.rutgers.edu/news/marijuana-component-offers-opioid-alternative-effectively-treating-dental-pain
- https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/00220345231200814
急性歯痛の代替鎮痛薬としてのカンナビジオール Cannabidiol as an Alternative Analgesic for Acute Dental Pain
V. Chrepa, S. Villasenor, A. Mauney, G. Kotsakis, and L. Macpherson
Journal of Dental Research Published:November 1, 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345231200814
Abstract
Odontogenic pain can be debilitating, and nonopioid analgesic options are limited. This randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of cannabidiol (CBD) as an analgesic for patients with emergency acute dental pain. Sixty-one patients with moderate to severe toothache were randomized into 3 groups: CBD10 (CBD 10 mg/kg), CBD20 (CBD 20 mg/kg), and placebo. We administered a single dose of respective oral solution and monitored the subjects for 3 h. The primary outcome measure was the numerical pain differences using a visual analog scale (VAS) from baseline within and among the groups. Secondary outcome measures included ordinal pain intensity differences, the onset of significant pain relief, maximum pain relief, changes in bite force within and among the groups, psychoactive effects, mood changes, and other adverse events. Both CBD groups resulted in significant VAS pain reduction compared to their baseline and the placebo group, with a maximum median VAS pain reduction of 73% from baseline pain at the 180-min time point (P < 0.05). CBD20 experienced a faster onset of significant pain relief than CBD10 (15 versus 30 min after drug administration), and both groups reached maximum pain relief at 180-min. Number needed to treat was 3.1 for CBD10 and 2.4 for CBD20. Intragroup comparisons showed a significant increase in bite forces in both CBD groups (P < 0.05) but not in the placebo group (P > 0.05). CBD20 resulted in a significant difference in mean percent bite force change in the 90- and 180-min time points compared to the placebo group (P < 0.05). Compared to placebo, sedation, diarrhea, and abdominal pain were significantly associated with the CBD groups (P < 0.05). There were no other significant psychoactive or mood change effects. This randomized trial provides the first clinical evidence that oral CBD can be an effective and safe analgesic for dental pain.
