2024-12-03 オークリッジ国立研究所(ORNL)
<関連情報>
- https://www.ornl.gov/news/landmark-photosynthesis-gene-discovery-boosts-plant-height-advances-crop-science
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1534580724006671
オーファン遺伝子BOOSTERが光合成効率と植物の生産性を高める An orphan gene BOOSTER enhances photosynthetic efficiency and plant productivity
Biruk A. Feyissa, Elsa M. de Becker, Coralie E. Salesse-Smith, Jin Zhang, Timothy B. Yates, Meng Xie, Kuntal De, Dhananjay Gotarkar, Margot S.S. Chen, Sara S. Jawdy, Dana L. Carper, Kerrie Barry, Jeremy Schmutz, David J. Weston, Paul E. Abraham, Chung-Jui Tsai, Jennifer L. Morrell-Falvey, Gail Taylor, Jin-Gui Chen, Gerald A. Tuskan, Stephen P. Long, Steven J. Burgess, Wellington Muchero
Developmental Cell Available online 3 December 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.11.002
Graphical abstract
Highlights
- GWAS on NPQ components from the poplar tree identified an orphan gene BOOSTER (BSTR)
- BSTR enhances photosynthesis efficiency under steady and fluctuating light
- Increased expression levels of BSTR improved biomass gains in poplar and Arabidopsis
- BSTR complements sigma factor-6 defects and facilitates anterograde signaling
Summary
Organelle-to-nucleus DNA transfer is an ongoing process playing an important role in the evolution of eukaryotic life. Here, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of non-photochemical quenching parameters in 743 Populus trichocarpa accessions identified a nuclear-encoded genomic region associated with variation in photosynthesis under fluctuating light. The identified gene, BOOSTER (BSTR), comprises three exons, two with apparent endophytic origin and the third containing a large fragment of plastid-encoded Rubisco large subunit. Higher expression of BSTR facilitated anterograde signaling between nucleus and plastid, which corresponded to enhanced expression of Rubisco, increased photosynthesis, and up to 35% greater plant height and 88% biomass in poplar accessions under field conditions. Overexpression of BSTR in Populus tremula × P. alba achieved up to a 200% in plant height. Similarly, Arabidopsis plants heterologously expressing BSTR gained up to 200% in biomass and up to 50% increase in seed.
