2024-12-12 カリフォルニア大学バークレー校(UCB)
<関連情報>
- https://news.berkeley.edu/2024/12/12/do-animals-get-jealous-like-people-researchers-say-its-complicated/
- https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2024.1452
人間以外の動物における不公平嫌悪の証拠はない:受容/拒絶パラダイムのメタ分析 No evidence for inequity aversion in non-human animals: a meta-analysis of accept/reject paradigms
Oded Ritov,Christoph J. Völter,Nichola J. Raihani and Jan M. Engelmann
Proceedings of the Royal Society B Published:27 November 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2024.1452
Abstract
Disadvantageous inequity aversion (IA), a negative response to receiving less than others, is a key building block of the human sense of fairness. While some theorize that IA is shared by species across the animal kingdom, others argue that it is an exclusively human evolutionary adaptation to the selective pressures of cooperation among non-kin. Essential to this debate is the empirical question of whether non-human animals are averse towards unequal resource distributions. Over the past two decades, researchers have reported that individuals from a wide range of taxa exhibit IA; tasks where participants can reject or accept a given distribution of rewards delivered the bulk of this evidence. Yet these results have been questioned on both conceptual and empirical grounds. In the largest empirical investigation of non-human IA to date, we synthesize the primary data from 23 studies using accept/reject tasks, covering 60 430 observations of 18 species. We find no evidence for IA in non-human animals in these tasks. This finding held across all species in the dataset and pre-registered subsets (all species reported to exhibit IA, primates reported to exhibit IA, chimpanzees and capuchin monkeys). Alternative interpretations of the data and implications for the evolution of fairness are discussed.
