アゴハゼ稚魚は他個体の行動から摂餌課題を学ぶ~世界で2例目の単居性魚類稚魚における社会情報利用~

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2025-05-16 北海道大学

北海道大学の研究チームは、単独で生活する魚アゴハゼの稚魚が、他の個体の行動を観察することで新しい餌や餌場を学習できることを明らかにした。訓練済みの個体と未経験の稚魚を同じ水槽に入れた実験で、未経験の稚魚がフレーク餌と水面という新しい餌場を素早く学習する様子が観察された。これは単居性魚類の稚魚での社会情報利用としては世界で2例目の報告であり、魚類全体における社会的学習の可能性を示唆する。

アゴハゼ稚魚は他個体の行動から摂餌課題を学ぶ~世界で2例目の単居性魚類稚魚における社会情報利用~アゴハゼの稚魚。海では写真のように海底や基質の近くに生息し、小型の底生生物を食べている。

<関連情報>

アゴハゼChaenogobius annularisの稚魚による新たな餌に関する社会情報の利用 Use of Social Information About Novel Food by Juvenile Solitary Forktongue Goby, Chaenogobius annularis

Daisuke Nakayama, Chiaki I. Yasuda, Satoshi Wada
Ethology  Published: 28 April 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13569

ABSTRACT

Animals use various forms of information to reduce uncertainty about the environment and make adaptive decisions. They can acquire information directly from the environment (personal information) or by observing other individuals’ behavior (social information). Since young animals in particular may benefit from acquiring social information owing to their lack of experience at this stage, social information in juveniles would be important even in solitary species. This possibility has, however, been less studied in juvenile solitary fishes. We examined whether juveniles of the solitary forktongue goby, Chaenogobius annularis, use social information about novel artificial food (fish-food flakes) and a novel food location (water surface). We first tested whether feeding on the novel food is facilitated by past experience to confirm that C. annularis juveniles could learn this information: compared with naïve juveniles, juveniles that previously experienced the novel food showed significantly shorter latencies to begin feeding (at the surface or underwater, hereafter first feeding), and to feed on the water’s surface (hereafter, surface feeding). We then compared feeding on novel food between naïve juveniles paired with an experienced juvenile and those paired with a naïve juvenile. Naïve juveniles paired with an experienced juvenile fed significantly more frequently and sooner in both first and surface feedings than the randomly chosen naïve juveniles in each naïve pair. These results suggest that C. annularis juveniles use social information to learn about food and that social information use by juveniles is widespread among vertebrates, regardless of their sociality.

生物工学一般
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