2026-02-05 カリフォルニア大学アーバイン校(UCI)
<関連情報>
- https://news.uci.edu/2026/02/05/sleep-disruption-damages-guts-self-repair-ability-via-stress-signals-from-brain/
- https://www.cell.com/cell-stem-cell/fulltext/S1934-5909(26)00025-1
睡眠障害は迷走神経回路の異常活性化を引き起こし、腸管幹細胞の機能不全を引き起こす Sleep disturbance triggers aberrant activation of vagus circuitry and induces intestinal stem cell dysfunction
Mingxin Zhang ∙ Xi Wu, ∙ Di Liu ∙ … ∙ Cong Lv ∙ Feng Wang ∙ Zhengquan Yu
Cell Stem Cell Published:February 05, 2026
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2026.01.002
Graphical abstract
Highlights
- Sleep deprivation triggers intestinal stem cell dysfunction and gut pathologies
- Overactive dorsal motor nucleus of vagus transmits sleep defect signals to the gut
- Excess acetylcholine from vagus nerve triggers 5-hydroxytryptamine spike in the gut
- Elevated 5-hydroxytryptamine induces oxidative stress in intestinal stem cells
Summary
Sleep disturbances are associated with pathogenesis of numerous chronic disorders, including chronic gastrointestinal diseases. However, the mechanism that transmits sleep disturbance-induced aberrant neural signaling from the brain to the gut remains elusive. We show that acute sleep deprivation (SD) impairs intestinal stem cell (ISC) function, leading to shortening of crypt-villus architecture and Paneth cell loss. We identified the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus (DMV) as the SD-sensitive central nervous system center that transmits sleep effects to the gut. SD aberrantly activates DMV neurons, driving excessive acetylcholine release from the vagus nerve into the gut. Acetylcholine triggers 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) release by enterochromaffin cells and suppresses its reuptake via muscarinic receptors, thereby causing a spike in 5-HT levels. Elevated 5-HT induces excessive oxidative stress in ISCs through its receptor HTR4, promoting gut pathologies. Overall, we reveal an SD-responsive neural circuit that controls ISCs and identify therapeutic strategies for mitigating SD-related gut diseases.
