2026-02-17 ラトガース大学
<関連情報>
- https://www.rutgers.edu/news/researchers-find-intermittent-fasting-no-better-or-worse-conventional-dieting
- https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD015610.pub2/full
過体重または肥満の成人のための断続的断食 Intermittent fasting for adults with overweight or obesity
Luis I Garegnani,Gisela Oltra,Diego Ivaldi,Mariana Andrea Burgos,Paola J Andrenacci,Sabrina Rico,Melinda Boyd,Diane Radler,Camila Micaela Escobar Liquitay,Eva Madrid
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Published: 16 February 2026
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD015610.pub2
Abstract
Rationale
Weight loss remains the primary strategy for reducing health risks and societal consequences associated with overweight and obesity. The most common dietary interventions are calorie‐restricted diets, including various permutations of energy restriction, macronutrients, foods, and dietary intake patterns, which achieve initial but often unsustained weight loss. Intermittent fasting involves eating patterns during which individuals take little or no energy for extended time periods, alternated with periods of normal food intake. The mechanism for weight loss is related to caloric restriction, increased fat metabolism, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and improved glucose metabolism. Intermittent fasting has been publicised in blogs and news articles but studies show inconsistent effects on health, highlighting the uncertainty faced by physicians and people with overweight or obesity when considering intermittent fasting as a feasible approach for sustained weight loss.
Objectives
To evaluate the benefits and harms of intermittent fasting versus regular dietary advice, no intervention or waiting list for adults with overweight or obesity.
Search methods
We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE (Ovid), and two trials registers up to 5 November 2024, as well as reference checking, citation searching and contact with study authors to identify additional studies.
Eligibility criteria
We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and cluster‐RCTs that compared intermittent fasting (including time‐restricted feeding, periodic fasting, alternate‐day fasting, and modified alternate‐day fasting) with regular dietary advice, no intervention or waiting list in men and women with overweight or obesity, with or without associated comorbid conditions. The minimum duration of the intervention was four weeks, and the minimum duration of follow‐up was six months. We excluded cross‐over and quasi‐RCTs.
Outcomes
Our outcomes were weight loss, quality of life, participant satisfaction, diabetes status, and adverse events. We considered outcomes measured up to and including 12 months after randomisation as short‐term, and longer than 12 months as long‐term.
Risk of bias
We used the Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB 2) and the RoB2 extension for cluster‐RCTs.
Synthesis methods
We synthesised results for each outcome using meta‐analysis where possible, using random‐effects models to calculate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for dichotomous outcomes, and mean differences (MD) or standardised mean differences (SMD) for continuous outcomes. Where this was not possible due to the nature of the data, we would have synthesised results using narrative synthesis, including the summary of effect estimates. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of evidence for each outcome.
Included studies
We included 22 studies with 1995 participants. All studies were conducted in an outpatient setting in North America, Australia, China, Denmark, Germany, Norway, and Brazil and were published between 2016 and 2024.
