202-11-15 ラトガース大学
◆特に、初期の発育段階での大気汚染への曝露と肛門外性距離の関連性が浮かび上がり、生殖系が大気汚染の影響を受けやすい時期が複数ある可能性が示唆された。これにより、大気汚染が健康への潜在的な脅威となり、生殖健康に対する影響にも注目が必要であることが明らかになった。
<関連情報>
- https://www.rutgers.edu/news/exposure-air-pollution-utero-may-affect-reproductive-system-development
- https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/10.1289/EHP12627
多施設共同米国TIDESコホートにおける、男性プログラム期間およびミニ思春期における大気汚染曝露と出生時および1歳時の肛門性器距離および陰茎幅との関連性 Associations of Exposure to Air Pollution during the Male Programming Window and Mini-Puberty with Anogenital Distance and Penile Width at Birth and at 1 Year of Age in the Multicenter U.S. TIDES Cohort
Emily S. Barrett https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-524X, Sima Sharghi, Sally W. Thurston, Marissa Sobolewski Terry, Christine T. Loftus, Catherine J. Karr, Ruby H.N. Nguyen, Shanna H. Swan, and Sheela Sathyanarayana
Environmental Health Perspectives Published:15 November 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12627
Abstract
Background:
Ambient air pollution may be a developmental endocrine disruptor. In animal models, gestational and perinatal exposure to diesel exhaust and concentrated particulate matter alters anogenital distance (AGD), a marker of prenatal androgen activity, in both sexes. Little is known in humans.
Objectives:
We examined exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in relation to human AGD at birth and at 1 year of age, focusing on exposures during critical windows of reproductive development: the male programming window (MPW; gestational weeks 8–14) and mini-puberty (postnatal months 1–3).
Methods:
The Infant Development and Environment Study (TIDES) recruited first trimester pregnant women (n=687) at four U.S. sites (Minneapolis, Minnesota; Rochester, New York; San Francisco, California; and Seattle, Washington) from 2010 to 2012. We measured anus to clitoris (AGD-AC) and anus to fourchette (AGD-AF) in female infants at birth; in males, we measured anus to penis (AGD-AP), anus to scrotum (AGD-AS), and penile width at birth and at 1 year of age. Using advanced spatiotemporal models, we estimated maternal exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 in the MPW and mini-puberty. Covariate-adjusted, sex-stratified linear regression models examined associations between PM2.5 and NO2 and AGD.
Results:
In males, a μ1-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure during the MPW was associated with shorter AGD at birth, but a longer AGD at 1 year of age (e.g., birth AGD-AP: β=-0.35mm; 95% CI: -0.62, -0.07; AGD-AS: ββ=0.37mm; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.73). Mini-pubertal PM2.5 exposure was also associated with shorter male AGD-AP (β=-0.50mm; 95% CI: -0.89, -0.11) at 1 year of age. Although not associated with male AGD measures, 1-ppb increases in NO2 exposure during the MPW (β=-0.07mm; 95% CI: -0.02, -0.12) and mini-puberty (β=-0.04mm; 95% CI: -0.08, 0.01) were both associated with smaller penile width at 1 year of age. Results were similar in multipollutant models, where we also observed that in females AGD-AC was inversely associated with PM2.5 exposure, but positively associated with NO2 exposure.
Discussion:
PM2.5 and NO2 exposures during critical pre- and postnatal windows may disrupt reproductive development. More work is needed to confirm these novel results and clarify mechanisms.
