2023-11-30 カリフォルニア工科大学(Caltech)
◆CaltechとHuntington Medical Research Institutesの研究者チームは、パソコン上のパズル解きのような簡単なテストでアルツハイマーのリスクを測定し、2022年の研究ではその結果が脊髄液の測定と一致した。
◆最新研究では、高リスクの個体は注意を逸らすのではなく処理に使い、注意の使い方に変化が見られることが明らかになった。これはアルツハイマーの兆候が現れる前の早い段階での変化を示唆しており、非侵襲的で効果的なリスク評価手法の開発に向けた重要な一歩。
<関連情報>
- https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/attention-focus-and-a-high-risk-of-alzheimers
- https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11357-023-00953-9
練習が不完全を生む:アルツハイマー病発症リスクの高い人における練習に対するより強い暗黙の干渉 Practice makes imperfect: stronger implicit interference with practice in individuals at high risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease
Shao-Min Hung,Sara W. Adams,Cathleen Molloy,Daw-An Wu,Shinsuke Shimojo & Xianghong Arakaki
GeroScience Published: 10 October 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-023-00953-9
Abstract
Early screening to determine patient risk of developing Alzheimer’s will allow better interventions and planning but necessitates accessible methods such as behavioral biomarkers. Previously, we showed that cognitively healthy older individuals whose cerebrospinal fluid amyloid/tau ratio indicates high risk of cognitive decline experienced implicit interference during a high-effort task, signaling early changes in attention. To further investigate attention’s effect on implicit interference, we analyzed two experiments completed sequentially by the same high- and low-risk individuals. We hypothesized that if attention modulates interference, practice would affect the influence of implicit distractors. Indeed, while both groups experienced a strong practice effect, the association between practice and interference effects diverged between groups: stronger practice effects correlated with more implicit interference in high-risk participants, but less interference in low-risk individuals. Furthermore, low-risk individuals showed a positive correlation between implicit interference and EEG low-range alpha event-related desynchronization when switching from high- to low-load tasks. This suggests that lower attention on the task was correlated with stronger interference, a typical phenomenon in the younger population. These results demonstrate how attention impacts implicit interference and highlight early differences in perception between high- and low-risk individuals.
