カナダオオヤマネコのアメリカにおける歴史的生息範囲は、これまで考えられていたよりも広い可能性が高い(Canada lynx historic range in US likely wider than previously thought)

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2024-04-01 ワシントン州立大学(WSU)

カナダオオヤマネコのアメリカにおける歴史的生息範囲は、これまで考えられていたよりも広い可能性が高い(Canada lynx historic range in US likely wider than previously thought)
A study published in the journal Biological Conservation indicates that lynx might do well in the future in parts of Utah, central Idaho, and the Yellowstone National Park region.

最近の研究によれば、カナダオオヤマネコはかつてアメリカ合衆国の広い範囲に生息していた可能性があり、将来的には気候変動の影響を考慮しても、ユタ州、アイダホ州中部、イエローストーン国立公園地域で保護が成功する可能性があると示唆されています。この研究は、歴史的な記録を使用してオオヤマネコの過去の範囲を推定し、保護活動に情報提供する新しい方法を提案しています。

<関連情報>

時間経過に伴う生息域の動態をモデル化して保護計画に反映:アメリカ大陸のカナダオオヤマネコ Modeling range dynamics through time to inform conservation planning: Canada lynx in the contiguous United States

Daniel H. Thornton, Dennis L. Murray
Biological Conservation  Available online:28 March 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110541

Abstract

Assessment of historical species range limits is rarely conducted. Yet, understanding where species were distributed in the past is fundamentally important for making informed policy decisions, including assessing species status and recovery in present day and in the context of future environmental change. Here, we provide a case study using a threatened species, Canada lynx, which is the subject of recent conservation policy debate and species recovery planning. We use species distribution models (SDM), combined with historic observations of lynx, to estimate historic southern range limits for the species at year 1900. We then forward project our SDM to estimate lynx vulnerability and likely spatial pattern of range retraction in the future. Our analysis reveals that substantial suitable lynx habitat existed in the past beyond their current range in the contiguous USA, and many extra-limital observations fell within this habitat suggesting relatively broad historic occupancy. This finding implies substantial lynx range contraction over the 20th century and is contrary to recent species status assessment. Moreover, some areas of the contiguous USA that may remain resilient to climate change for lynx in the future, fall outside current species range limits but potentially within historically occupied areas. Our results indicate that future recovery efforts for lynx should be informed by this new evidence regarding species range dynamics through time, including investigating suitability of sites outside current range limits. More broadly, our findings highlight the need for conservation planning and species recovery efforts to consider historical range limits whenever possible.

生物環境工学
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