睡眠の質の低下が脳の老化を促進する可能性(Poor sleep may accelerate brain ageing)

2025-10-02

2025-10-01 カロリンスカ研究所(KI)

カロリンスカ研究所の研究チームは、睡眠の質が脳の加齢速度に影響することを27,500人の脳MRIデータを用いた研究で明らかにした。睡眠の質が低い人は実年齢より平均で約1歳分脳が老化しており、特に炎症がその関連の一部を説明することが分かった。睡眠の改善によって脳の老化や認知機能低下を予防できる可能性があるとされる。研究はeBioMedicine誌に掲載され、炎症、脳廃棄物除去機構、心血管系の影響など複数の要因が関与する可能性が示された。

<関連情報>

睡眠不足は脳年齢の上昇と関連:全身性炎症の役割 Poor sleep health is associated with older brain age: the role of systemic inflammation

Yuyang Miao ∙ Jiao Wang ∙ Xuerui Li ∙ Jie Guo ∙ Maria M. Ekblom ∙ Shireen Sindi ∙ et al.
eBioMedicine Published: September 30, 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105941

Summary

Background

Poor-quality sleep has been linked to increased dementia risk. We investigated the relationship between healthy sleep pattern and older brain age, and the extent to which this is mediated by systemic inflammation.

Methods

The study included 27,500 adults from the UK Biobank (mean age 54.7 y, 54.0% female). The presence of five self-reported healthy sleep characteristics (early chronotype, 7–8 h daily sleep, no insomnia, no snoring, no excessive daytime sleepiness) were summed into a healthy sleep score (0–5 pts) and used to define three sleep patterns: healthy (≥4 pts), intermediate (2–3 pts), and poor (≤1 pt). Low-grade inflammation was estimated using the INFLA-score, a composite index of inflammatory biomarkers. After a mean follow-up of 8.9 y, brain age was estimated using a machine learning model based on 1079 brain MRI phenotypes and used to calculate brain age gap (BAG; i.e., brain age minus chronological age). Data were analysed using linear regression and generalised structural equation models.

Findings

At baseline, 898 (3.3%) participants had poor sleep, 15,283 (55.6%) had intermediate sleep, and 11,319 (41.2%) had healthy sleep. Compared to healthy sleep, intermediate (β = 0.25 [0.11, 0.40], P = 0.010) and poor (β = 0.46 [0.05, 0.87], P < 0.001) sleep were associated with significantly higher BAG. In mediation analysis, INFLA-score mediated 6.81% and 10.42% of the associations between intermediate and poor sleep and higher BAG.