犬の認知機能低下を定量化することで、ヒトのアルツハイマー病に役立つ(Quantifying Cognitive Decline in Dogs Could Help Humans With Alzheimer’s Disease)

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2022-05-09 ノースカロライナ州立大学(NCState)

犬の認知機能低下を定量化することで、ヒトのアルツハイマー病に役立つ(Quantifying Cognitive Decline in Dogs Could Help Humans With Alzheimer’s Disease)Photo by Ken Reid on Unsplash.

研究者らは、一連の補完的な検査によって、認知機能の低下が疑われる犬の変化を定量化できることを発見しました。この方法は、飼い主が高齢の犬の世話をする際に役立つだけでなく、人間のアルツハイマー病患者の認知機能低下の進行状況や治療法を評価するモデルにもなり得ます。

<関連情報>

高齢化した愛犬集団における認知機能障害の定量化を目的とした認知機能検査、質問票、血漿バイオマーカーの使用について Use of Cognitive Testing, Questionnaires, and Plasma Biomarkers to Quantify Cognitive Impairment in an Aging Pet Dog Population

Fefer, Gilad; Panek, Wojciech K; Khan, Michael Z.; Singer, Matthew; Westermeyer, Hans; Mowat, Freya M.; Murdoch, David M.; Case, Beth; Olby, Natasha J.; Gruen, Margaret E
Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease  Published: 15 April 2022
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-215562

Abstract

Background:Aging dogs suffer from canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CCDS), a condition in which cognitive decline is associated with amyloid pathology and cortical atrophy. Presumptive diagnosis is made through physical examination, exclusion of systemic/metabolic conditions, and completion of screening questionnaires by owners. Objective:This study aimed to determine whether cognitive function could be quantified in aging pet dogs, and to correlate cognitive testing with validated questionnaires and plasma neurofilament light chain (pNfL) concentration in aging dogs. Methods:Thirty-nine dogs from fifteen breeds were recruited (9.3 to 15.3 years). Owners completed the Canine Dementia Scale (CADES) and Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Rating scale (CCDR). Executive control and social cues were tested, and pNfL was measured with single molecule array assay. Comparisons were made between cognitive testing scores, CADES, CCDR scores, and pNfL. Results:CADES scoring classified five dogs as severe CCDS, six as moderate, ten as mild, and eighteen as normal. CCDR identified seven dogs at risk of CCDS and thirty-two as normal. Cognitive testing was possible in the majority of dogs, although severely affected dogs were unable to learn tasks. CADES score correlated with sustained attention duration (r = –0.47, p = 0.002), inhibitory control (r = –0.51, p = 0.002), detour (r = –0.43, p = 0.001), and pNfL (r = 0.41, p = 0.025). Concentration of pNfL correlated with inhibitory control (r = –0.7, p≤0.001). The CCDR scale correlated with performance on inhibitory control (r = –0.46, p = 0.005). Conclusion:Our findings suggest that a multi-dimensional approach using a combination of questionnaires, specific cognitive tests, and pNfL concentration can be used to quantify cognitive decline in aging pet dogs.

医療・健康
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