大きな花は、大きな報酬をもたらす: 植物は気候変動に適応し、花粉媒介者を誘い込む(Bigger flowers, greater rewards: Plants adapt to climate disruptions to lure pollinators)

2023-03-16 ミシガン大学

<関連情報>

• https://news.umich.edu/bigger-flowers-greater-rewards-plants-adapt-to-climate-disruptions-to-lure-pollinators/
• https://academic.oup.com/evlett/advance-article/doi/10.1093/evlett/qrad006/7072662

開花時期だけじゃない:復活のアプローチでわかる花の魅力特性の経年変化 Not just flowering time: a resurrection approach shows floral attraction traits are changing over time

Sasha G D Bishop, Shu-Mei Chang, Regina S Baucom
Evolution Letters  Published:08 March 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/evlett/qrad006

Abstract

Contemporary anthropogenic changes in climate and landscape form a complex set of selective pressures acting on natural systems, yet, in many systems, we lack information about both whether and how organisms may adapt to these changes. In plants, research has focused on climate-induced changes in phenology and the resultant potential for disruption of plant-pollinator interactions, however, there remains a paucity of knowledge regarding how other pollinator-mediated traits may be involved in the adaptive response. Here, we use resurrection experiments to investigate the phenotypic basis of adaptation in a mixed-mating system plant, the common morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea). Specifically, we measure temporal and spatial changes in traits grouped into three categories relevant to plant-pollinator interactions – floral morphology, floral rewards, and floral phenology. We show a significant temporal increase in corolla size and shift to earlier flowering times, as well as a potential for increased investment in floral rewards, all of which are driven primarily by populations at more northern latitudes. Additionally, we find evidence for directional selection on floral morphology and phenology and evidence of balancing selection acting on anther-stigma distance. Overall, these results show an adaptive response in line with greater investment in pollinator attraction rather than self-pollination and fine-scale spatial differences in adaptive potential.