2023-07-27 タフツ大学
◆研究では、ミオイノシトールが神経細胞間の結合を強化し、発達中の脳のシナプス形成に関与していることが明らかにされました。これにより、乳児用フォーミュラへのミオイノシトールの添加が検討され、赤ちゃんの脳の健康に対する影響について研究が進められる見通しです。ただし、成人に対するミオイノシトールの摂取については、さらなる研究が必要です。
<関連情報>
- https://now.tufts.edu/2023/07/27/how-breast-milk-boosts-brain
- https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2221413120
母乳成分ミオイノシトールは神経細胞の結合を促進する。 The human milk component myo-inositol promotes neuronal connectivity
Andrew F. Paquette, Beatrice E. Carbone, Seth Vogel, Erica Israel, Sarah D. Maria, Nikita P. Patil, Saroj Sah, Dhrubajyoti Chowdhury, Ilona Kondratiuk, Beau Labhart, Ardythe L. Morrow, Shay C. Phillips , Chenzhong Kuang, Dirk Hondmann, Neeraj Pandey, and Thomas Biederer
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Published:July 11, 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2221413120
Significance
The roles of micronutrients and bioactive dietary compounds in neuronal wiring are only beginning to be addressed. This study reveals substantial benefits of the human milk component myo-inositol for developing synapses across species, including in human neurons. These findings demonstrate that myo-inositol promotes neuronal connectivity and can guide dietary recommendations across life stages. This can be significant for pediatric nutrition and the improvement of infant formulas in underresourced areas with conditions that prevent sufficient breastfeeding. Moreover, this carbocyclic sugar can promote synapse density in mature brain tissue.
Abstract
Effects of micronutrients on brain connectivity are incompletely understood. Analyzing human milk samples across global populations, we identified the carbocyclic sugar myo-inositol as a component that promotes brain development. We determined that it is most abundant in human milk during early lactation when neuronal connections rapidly form in the infant brain. Myo-inositol promoted synapse abundance in human excitatory neurons as well as cultured rat neurons and acted in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, myo-inositol enhanced the ability of neurons to respond to transsynaptic interactions that induce synapses. Effects of myo-inositol in the developing brain were tested in mice, and its dietary supplementation enlarged excitatory postsynaptic sites in the maturing cortex. Utilizing an organotypic slice culture system, we additionally determined that myo-inositol is bioactive in mature brain tissue, and treatment of organotypic slices with this carbocyclic sugar increased the number and size of postsynaptic specializations and excitatory synapse density. This study advances our understanding of the impact of human milk on the infant brain and identifies myo-inositol as a breast milk component that promotes the formation of neuronal connections.
