2024-01-04 カロリンスカ研究所(KI)
◆特定の細菌(Lactobacillus、Bacteroides、Lachnospiraなど)がワクチン応答の向上と関連しており、これに基づいて腸内細菌を改善し免疫応答を促進する治療法が開発される可能性があります。高齢者や免疫不全者などのワクチン反応が弱いグループにおいて、食事の変更やプロバイオティクスの摂取などが有効であるとされています。
<関連情報>
- https://news.ki.se/gut-microbes-can-affect-covid-vaccine-response
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41522-023-00461-w
健常対照者とHIV感染者におけるCOVID-19ワクチン接種に対する免疫学的反応に対する腸内細菌叢の影響 Impact of the gut microbiome on immunological responses to COVID-19 vaccination in healthy controls and people living with HIV
Shilpa Ray,Aswathy Narayanan,Jan Vesterbacka,Ola Blennow,Puran Chen,Yu Gao,Giorgio Gabarrini,Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren,Marcus Buggert,Lokeshwaran Manoharan,Margaret Sällberg Chen,Soo Aleman,Anders Sönnerborg & Piotr Nowak
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes Published:20 December 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-023-00461-w
Abstract
Although mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are generally safe and effective, in certain immunocompromised individuals they can elicit poor immunogenic responses. Among these individuals, people living with HIV (PLWH) have poor immunogenicity to several oral and parenteral vaccines. As the gut microbiome is known to affect vaccine immunogenicity, we investigated whether baseline gut microbiota predicts immune responses to the BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in healthy controls and PLWH after two doses of BNT162b2. Individuals with high spike IgG titers and high spike-specific CD4+ T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 showed low α-diversity in the gut. Here, we investigated and presented initial evidence that the gut microbial composition influences the response to BNT162b2 in PLWH. From our predictive models, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium appeared to be microbial markers of individuals with higher spike IgG titers, while Cloacibacillus was associated with low spike IgG titers. We therefore propose that microbiome modulation could optimize immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines.
