2024-02-28 ワシントン大学セントルイス校
◆ワシントン大学医学部の科学者たちは、脳波が睡眠中に脳の廃棄物を洗い流すのに役立つことを発見しました。脳細胞はリズミカルな波を生成し、流体を脳組織に浸透させ、そのプロセスで組織を洗浄します。このプロセスの理解は、アルツハイマーやパーキンソンなどの神経疾患の予防や治療法の開発に役立つ可能性があります。
<関連情報>
- https://source.wustl.edu/2024/02/neurons-help-flush-waste-out-of-brain-during-sleep/
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07108-6
神経細胞の動態が脳脊髄液の灌流と脳のクリアランスを方向づける Neuronal dynamics direct cerebrospinal fluid perfusion and brain clearance
Li-Feng Jiang-Xie,Antoine Drieu,Kesshni Bhasiin,Daniel Quintero,Igor Smirnov & Jonathan Kipnis
Nature Published:28 February 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07108-6
Abstract
The accumulation of metabolic waste is a leading cause of numerous neurological disorders, yet we still have only limited knowledge of how the brain performs self-cleansing. Here we demonstrate that neural networks synchronize individual action potentials to create large-amplitude, rhythmic and self-perpetuating ionic waves in the interstitial fluid of the brain. These waves are a plausible mechanism to explain the correlated potentiation of the glymphatic flow1,2 through the brain parenchyma. Chemogenetic flattening of these high-energy ionic waves largely impeded cerebrospinal fluid infiltration into and clearance of molecules from the brain parenchyma. Notably, synthesized waves generated through transcranial optogenetic stimulation substantially potentiated cerebrospinal fluid-to-interstitial fluid perfusion. Our study demonstrates that neurons serve as master organizers for brain clearance. This fundamental principle introduces a new theoretical framework for the functioning of macroscopic brain waves.
