マウントサイナイ研究:ストレスと2型糖尿病の潜在的関連性を発見(Mount Sinai Study Discovers Potential Link Between Stress and Type 2 Diabetes)

2025-09-03 マウントサイナイ医療システム (MSHS)

<関連情報>

• https://www.mountsinai.org/about/newsroom/2025/mount-sinai-study-discovers-potential-link-between-stress-and-type-2-diabetes
• https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09420-1#citeas

扁桃体と肝臓のシグナル伝達がストレスへの血糖応答を調整する Amygdala–liver signalling orchestrates glycaemic responses to stress

J. R. E. Carty,K. Devarakonda,R. M. O’Connor,A. Krek,D. Espinoza,M. Jimenez-Gonzalez,A. Alvarsson,R. F. Hampton,R. Li,Y. Qiu,S. Petri,A. Shtekler,A. Rajbhandari,K. Conner,M. Bayne,D. Garibay,J. Martin,V. Lehmann,L. Wang,K. Beaumont,I. Kurland,G. C. Yuan,P. J. Kenny & S. A. Stanley
Nature  Published:03 September 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09420-1

Abstract

Behavioural adaptations to environmental threats are crucial for survival^1,2 and necessitate rapid deployment of energy reserves^3,4,5. The amygdala coordinates behavioural adaptations to threats⁶, but little is known about its involvement in underpinning metabolic adaptations. Here we show that acute stress activates medial amygdala (MeA) neurons that innervate the ventromedial hypothalamus (MeA^VMH neurons), which precipitates hyperglycaemia and hypophagia. The glycaemic actions of MeA^VMH neurons occur independently of adrenal or pancreatic glucoregulatory hormones. Using whole-body virus tracing, we identify a polysynaptic connection from MeA to the liver that promotes the rapid synthesis of glucose by hepatic gluconeogenesis. Repeated stress exposure disrupts MeA control of blood glucose, resulting in diabetes-like dysregulation of glucose homeostasis. Our findings reveal an amygdala–liver axis that regulates rapid glycaemic adaptations to stress and links recurrent stress to metabolic dysfunction.