がん免疫療法向けNK細胞の新生成法を開発(Researchers Develop New Method for Generating Natural Killer Cells to Fight Cancer)

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2025-10-09 中国科学院(CAS)

中国科学院動物研究所の王金勇教授率いるチームは、臍帯血由来CD34+造血幹・前駆細胞(HSPCs)から高効率にナチュラルキラー(NK)細胞およびCAR導入型iNK細胞を生成する新技術を開発した。工程は①HSPCsの増殖、②造血オルガノイド形成によるNK系列誘導、③成熟化の3段階で、1個のHSPCから最大1,400万個のiNK細胞が得られる。ウイルス粒子使用量は従来の1/10万以下に低減され、コストを大幅削減。得られたCAR-iNK細胞は白血病マウスモデルで腫瘍抑制と延命効果を示した。この成果は『Nature Biomedical Engineering』に掲載され、がん免疫療法の量産化と低コスト化を実現する新基盤技術として注目されている。

がん免疫療法向けNK細胞の新生成法を開発(Researchers Develop New Method for Generating Natural Killer Cells to Fight Cancer)
Overview of the method for large-scale production of iNK and CAR-iNK cells from cord blood CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. (Image by Prof. WANG’s Lab)

<関連情報>

養子免疫療法のためのCD34+造血幹細胞および前駆細胞からのiNK細胞およびCAR-iNK細胞の大規模生成 Large-scale generation of iNK and CAR-iNK cells from CD34+ haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells for adoptive immunotherapy

Fangxiao Hu,Jianhuan Li,Yao Wang,Yunqing Lin,Jingliao Zhang,Jiacheng Xu,Xiujuan Zheng,Qitong Weng,Xiaofei Liu,Yang Geng,Hongling Wu,Lijuan Liu,Huan Peng,Bingyan Wu,Dehao Huang,Chengxiang Xia,Tongjie Wang,Xin Du,Hui Zeng,Fang Dong,Yingchi Zhang,Xiaofan Zhu,Mengyun Zhang & Jinyong Wang
Nature Biomedical Engineering  Published:07 October 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-025-01522-5

Abstract

Chimaeric antigen receptor (CAR) natural killer (CAR-NK) cells are a promising alternative to CAR-T cells for immunotherapies. High and multiple doses of CAR-NK cell infusions are essential to maintain therapeutic efficacy in clinical trials, requiring efficient methods for generating CAR-NK cells at scale. Here we develop a three-step strategy to generate high yields of induced NK (iNK) and CAR-iNK cells from human umbilical cord blood CD34+ haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (CD34+ HSPCs). Starting from a single umbilical cord blood unit of CD34+ HSPCs, our method produces 14–83 million mature iNK cells or 7–32 million CAR-iNK cells with high expression levels of CD16 and CAR and undetectable T-cell contamination. Both fresh and thawed iNK and CAR-iNK cells demonstrate anti-tumour activities against various human cancer cells and prolong the survival of human tumour-bearing animals. The high yields of CAR-NK cells and reduced costs of our method’s CAR engineering support the broad applications of these cells for treating cancer patients.

有機化学・薬学
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