URIの外来種専門家が2つのNature誌に掲載された2つの世界的研究を共同主導(URI invasive species expert co-leads two global studies published in two Nature journals)

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2024-06-04 ロードアイランド大学(URI)

侵入性外来種の拡散は自然と人々にとっての脅威であり、IPBESが発表したグローバルアセスメントがその証拠を提供しています。カリフォルニア大学サンディエゴ校の研究者らが、侵入性外来種が健康、経済、生物多様性に与える深刻な影響を示しました。研究によれば、3,500種以上の外来種が自然と人々の生活に悪影響を及ぼし、その数は今後も増加すると予測されています。特に、侵入性外来種は毎年200種が新たに追加され、気候変動などと相まって生物多様性の損失を加速させています。対策には国境を越えた協力が不可欠です。さらに、先住民の土地では侵入種の数が少なく、持続可能な土地利用が大きな役割を果たしていることが示されています。

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侵略的外来種による主要かつ増大する脅威の抑制は緊急かつ達成可能である Curbing the major and growing threats from invasive alien species is urgent and achievable

Helen E. Roy,Aníbal Pauchard,Peter J. Stoett,Tanara Renard Truong,Laura A. Meyerson,Sven Bacher,Bella S. Galil,Philip E. Hulme,Tohru Ikeda,Sankaran Kavileveettil,Melodie A. McGeoch,Martin A. Nuñez,Alejandro Ordonez,Sebataolo J. Rahlao,Evangelina Schwindt,Hanno Seebens,Andy W. Sheppard,Vigdis Vandvik,Alla Aleksanyan,Michael Ansong,Tom August,Ryan Blanchard,Ernesto Brugnoli,John K. Bukombe,… Sílvia R. Ziller
Nature Ecology & Evolution  Published:03 June 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02412-w

URIの外来種専門家が2つのNature誌に掲載された2つの世界的研究を共同主導(URI invasive species expert co-leads two global studies published in two Nature journals)

Abstract

Although invasive alien species have long been recognized as a major threat to nature and people, until now there has been no comprehensive global review of the status, trends, drivers, impacts, management and governance challenges of biological invasions. The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) Thematic Assessment Report on Invasive Alien Species and Their Control (hereafter ‘IPBES invasive alien species assessment’) drew on more than 13,000 scientific publications and reports in 15 languages as well as Indigenous and local knowledge on all taxa, ecosystems and regions across the globe. Therefore, it provides unequivocal evidence of the major and growing threat of invasive alien species alongside ambitious but realistic approaches to manage biological invasions. The extent of the threat and impacts has been recognized by the 143 member states of IPBES who approved the summary for policymakers of this assessment. Here, the authors of the IPBES assessment outline the main findings of the IPBES invasive alien species assessment and highlight the urgency to act now.

先住民の土地への生物侵入 Biological invasions on Indigenous peoples’ lands

Hanno Seebens,Aidin Niamir,Franz Essl,Stephen T. Garnett,Joy A. Kumagai,Zsolt Molnár,Hanieh Saeedi & Laura A. Meyerson
Nature Sustainability  Published:28 May 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-024-01361-3

extended data figure 1

Abstract

Biological invasions are a growing challenge in a highly interconnected and globalized world, leading to the loss of native biodiversity. Indigenous peoples’ lands (IPLs) play a vital role in biodiversity conservation through activities such as land stewardship and management practices. Similar to protected areas, they are also often remote, with fewer connections to international trade networks. The extent to which IPLs are threatened by the spread of invasive species is still unknown. Here we provide a global study detailing the distribution and drivers of alien species on IPL. On average, IPLs host 30% (in absolute numbers: 11 ± 3.5) fewer alien species relative to other lands, after controlling for sampling intensities. Alien species numbers remained consistently lower on IPLs even after accounting for potentially confounding factors such as differences in accessibility and ecological integrity. The difference may result from land management practices of Indigenous peoples. In the relatively small number of cases where IPLs host disproportionately higher numbers of alien species than other lands, the most likely reason is high alien species propagule pressure arising from proximity to large urban areas. Overall, our results highlight the importance of IPLs in protecting nature in the face of increasing biological invasions.

生物環境工学
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