2025-12-09 京都大学

研究の概要図:ダンゴムシの糞に含まれる2つの化学物質がダンゴムシの活動が低下する安全な雨天時の種子の発芽を促進する。
<関連情報>
- https://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ja/research-news/2025-12-09-0
- https://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/sites/default/files/2025-12/web_2512_Yamawo-513028b318bd6bb0d240635cd4260c24.pdf
- https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.70750
等脚類の糞便による発芽時期の変化は実生の定着を促進する Isopod feces–mediated shifts in germination timing enhance seedling establishment
Akira Yamawo, Hayato Ishikawa, Masatsugu Takekawa, Nanako Nakashima, Haruna Ohsaki, Hiromi Mukai, Yuri Kanno, Mitsunori Seo, Yasushi Todoroki, Jun Takeuchi, Shinichiro Sawa
New Phytologist Published: 08 December 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70750
Summary
- Seedlings are particularly vulnerable to herbivory because their defenses are underdeveloped and their capacity to tolerate damage is limited. However, how seedlings cope with such threats remains poorly understood. Animal feces may provide important chemical cues that influence plant responses to herbivory.
- We examined whether the presence of isopod feces affects the herbivory of Japanese plantain (Plantago asiatica) seedlings in the field. Laboratory experiments were also conducted to test the effects of herbivore feces on P. asiatica germination. Bioactive compounds in the feces that regulate seed germination were extracted and identified.
- The field experiments indicated that the presence of isopod feces induces seed germination on rainy days (when isopod activity is low), reduces herbivory, and triples the survival rate of P. asiatica seedlings. In the laboratory, feces from isopods that had recently fed on P. asiatica leaves suppressed seed germination. However, germination resumed after simulated rain washed them away. Chemical analyses revealed that trehalose and abscisic acid are the active compounds responsible for germination suppression.
- These findings demonstrate that the detection of chemical cues in animal feces by seeds alters their germination timing accordingly, thereby increasing their chances of survival in environments with high herbivore densities.


