2023-03-20 ロイヤルメルボルン工科大学(RMIT)
この新しいシステムは、グルコースのレベルに反応して、必要な場合にのみ正確かつスマートにインスリンを放出する人工膵臓システムで、他のシステムより長持ちしており、一日2回の注射が必要で、グルコースを測定する必要がない可能性がある。研究チームは、この方法が効率的であり、生分解性で天然の方法を使用しているため、副作用や免疫反応の可能性が著しく低いと述べている。しかし、さらなる研究が必要である。
<関連情報>
- https://www.rmit.edu.au/news/all-news/2023/mar/smart-nanotechnology-insulin
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adma.202210392
糖尿病マウスへのグルコース応答性インスリンの迅速かつ持続的な送達を可能にするナノシュガーの開発 An Engineered Nanosugar Enables Rapid and Sustained Glucose-Responsive Insulin Delivery in Diabetic Mice
Rong Xu, Sukhvir Kaur Bhangu, Karly C. Sourris, Domitilla Vanni, Marc-Antoine Sani, John A. Karas, Karen Alt, Be’eri Niego, Anukreity Ale, Quinn A. Besford, Brendan Dyett, Joshua Patrick, Irena Carmichael, Jonathan E. Shaw, Frank Caruso, Mark E. Cooper, Christoph E. Hagemeyer, Francesca Cavalieri
Advanced Materials Published: 12 March 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202210392
Abstract
Glucose-responsive insulin-delivery platforms that are sensitive to dynamic glucose concentration fluctuations and provide both rapid and prolonged insulin release have great potential to control hyperglycemia and avoid hypoglycemia diabetes. Here, biodegradable and charge-switchable phytoglycogen nanoparticles capable of glucose-stimulated insulin release are engineered. The nanoparticles are “nanosugars” bearing glucose-sensitive phenylboronic acid groups and amine moieties that allow effective complexation with insulin (≈95% loading capacity) to form nanocomplexes. A single subcutaneous injection of nanocomplexes shows a rapid and efficient response to a glucose challenge in two distinct diabetic mouse models, resulting in optimal blood glucose levels (below 200 mg dL–1) for up to 13 h. The morphology of the nanocomplexes is found to be key to controlling rapid and extended glucose-regulated insulin delivery in vivo. These studies reveal that the injected nanocomplexes enabled efficient insulin release in the mouse, with optimal bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, and safety profiles. These results highlight a promising strategy for the development of a glucose-responsive insulin delivery system based on a natural and biodegradable nanosugar.
