2023-05-11 ミュンヘン大学(LMU)
◆ランタンを利用する細菌は、広く環境中に存在しており、メタノールまたはメタンを炭素とエネルギー源として利用するメチロトロフに属している。
◆アメリシウムとキュリウムの能力は、ランタンと非常に似ており、活性中心に適合するために、同じ酸化状態で、同様のサイズであることが重要である。
◆メチロトロフ細菌は、放射性アクチニドを取り込む能力があるため、この発見は、生物復元や希土類とアクチニドの分離・再利用など、潜在的な応用につながる可能性がある。
<関連情報>
- https://www.lmu.de/en/newsroom/news-overview/news/bacteria-radioactive-elements-replace-essential-rare-earth-metals.html
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/anie.202303669
マイナーアクチニドがバクテリアの生活に不可欠なランタノイドに取って代わる可能性 Minor Actinides Can Replace Essential Lanthanides in Bacterial Life
Helena Singer, Robin Steudtner, Andreas S. Klein, Carolin Rulofs, Cathleen Zeymer, Björn Drobot, Arjan Pol, N. Cecilia Martinez-Gomez, Huub J. M. Op den Camp, Lena J. Daumann
Angewandte Chemie International Edition Published: 19 April 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202303669
Graphical Abstract
Methylotrophic bacteria utilize actinides instead of lanthanides to sustain their metabolism: Studies with two bacterial lanthanide-using strains demonstrate that the trivalent radioactive 5 f elements americium and curium can support growth. Also, catalytic activity of the lanthanide-dependent methanol dehydrogenases with actinides is shown. For the first time it is established that actinides can play a beneficial role in biological metabolism.
Abstract
Certain f-block elements—the lanthanides—have biological relevance in the context of methylotrophic bacteria. The respective strains incorporate these 4 f elements into the active site of one of their key metabolic enzymes, a lanthanide-dependent methanol dehydrogenase. In this study, we investigated whether actinides, the radioactive 5 f elements, can replace the essential 4 f elements in lanthanide-dependent bacterial metabolism. Growth studies with Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum SolV and the Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 ΔmxaF mutant demonstrate that americium and curium support growth in the absence of lanthanides. Moreover, strain SolV favors these actinides over late lanthanides when presented with a mixture of equal amounts of lanthanides together with americium and curium. Our combined in vivo and in vitro results establish that methylotrophic bacteria can utilize actinides instead of lanthanides to sustain their one-carbon metabolism if they possess the correct size and a +III oxidation state.
