2023-07-19 バース大学
◆バース大学とウエスト・オブ・イングランド大学の研究者による音楽フェスティバルのコウモリへの悪影響についての初の証拠が示されました。大音量の音楽再生だけでも、ライトや生息地の変動なしで複数のコウモリ種に大きな損害を与えることが分かりました。
◆コウモリは音に頼っており、音楽フェスティバルのような音響環境の変化は彼らの行動や生息地のつながりに悪影響を及ぼす可能性があります。これに対処するため、政策指針は科学的根拠に基づき、地元の生物多様性を持続可能な形で保護する必要があります。研究者たちは、音楽フェスティバルの音量だけでもコウモリに重大な影響を及ぼすとしています。
<関連情報>
- https://www.bath.ac.uk/announcements/loud-music-festivals-could-reduce-bat-activity-in-some-species-by-nearly-50-per-cent/
- https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2688-8319.12250
フェスティバル音楽がコウモリの活動に与える影響の評価 Assessing the impact of festival music on bat activity
Jack Hooker, Emma Daley, Emma Stone, Paul Lintott
Ecological Solutions and Evidence Published: 20 June 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/2688-8319.12250
Abstract
- Sound is a critical component of an animal’s habitat, where it is used to glean important environmental information from their surroundings. The modification of natural soundscapes due to the global rise in anthropogenic noise pollution over recent decades can have serious negative impacts on species fitness and survival.
- Nocturnal species such as bats are reliant on sound for many aspects of their life history and are, therefore, highly sensitive to anthropogenic noise. Music festivals are a source of unregulated and potentially harmful, acute noise pollution; however, they have become ubiquitous across our landscapes throughout the summer months and are increasingly being held in settings important for wildlife.
- Using an experimental approach, we provide the first evidence of the negative impacts of music festivals on bat activity in a habitat that represents a typical festival setting, that is, woodland edge. We found that loud music playback alone can reduce the activity of bats even in the absence of other anthropogenic factors commonly associated with music festivals such as lighting and habitat disturbance. Activity of Nyctalus/Eptesicus spp. was reduced along woodland edge habitats exposed to loud music, whereas no effect was recorded for Myotis spp., Pipistrellus pygmaeus and Pipistrellus pipistrellus compared with quiet nights. We also provide the first evidence of the spatial scale of negative effects from festival music on activity for P. pygmaeus as well as highlighting differential responses between cryptic species.
- In light of the paucity of research or guidance into acute noise impacts on nocturnal biodiversity, we outline the potential negative impacts of music festivals for bats. We show that music alone can reduce the activity of bats even in the absence of other anthropogenic factors commonly associated with music festivals, which could potentially fragment important habitats for certain species, leading to a degradation of functional connectivity across the landscape.
