免疫学:良質な睡眠が免疫系を刺激する(Immunology: good sleep stimulates the immune system)

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2024-03-07 ミュンヘン大学(LMU)

睡眠は免疫システムをサポートし、ワクチン接種後の免疫応答を強化することが科学的に示されています。新研究では、睡眠が免疫細胞であるT細胞のリンパ節への移動を促進するメカニズムを解明しました。成長ホルモンとプロラクチンがこの過程に重要な役割を果たしており、これらのホルモンが高齢者の免疫応答を改善する可能性があります。これにより、睡眠がワクチン接種後の効果を向上させる理由がより良く理解される一方、高齢者でのワクチンの効果低下の解明にも繋がると期待されています。

<関連情報>

睡眠はヒトにおいて成長ホルモンとプロラクチンのシグナル伝達を介してCCL19へのT細胞移動を促進する Sleep promotes T-cell migration towards CCL19 via growth hormone and prolactin signaling in humans

Estefanía Martínez-Albert, Nicolas D. Lutz, Robert Hübener, Stoyan Dimitrov, Tanja Lange, Jan Born, Luciana Besedovsky
Brain, Behavior, and Immunity  Available online:16 February 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2024.02.021

免疫学:良質な睡眠が免疫系を刺激する(Immunology: good sleep stimulates the immune system)

Highlights

•Sleep enhances the migratory potential of T cells to lymph nodes in healthy humans.

•Plasma from sleeping participants mimics the effects of sleep on T-cell migration.

•Growth hormone and prolactin are the main hormonal mediators of this sleep effect.

•These findings may explain adjuvant-like effects of sleep on vaccination responses.

Abstract

Sleep strongly supports the formation of adaptive immunity, e.g., after vaccination. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely obscure. Here we show in healthy humans that sleep compared to nocturnal wakefulness specifically promotes the migration of various T-cell subsets towards the chemokine CCL19, which is essential for lymph-node homing and, thus, for the initiation and maintenance of adaptive immune responses. Migration towards the inflammatory chemokine CCL5 remained unaffected. Incubating the cells with plasma from sleeping participants likewise increased CCL19-directed migration, an effect that was dependent on growth hormone and prolactin signaling. These findings show that sleep selectively promotes the lymph node homing potential of T cells by increasing hormonal release, and thus reveal a causal mechanism underlying the supporting effect of sleep on adaptive immunity in humans.

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