自閉症とADHDは生後早期の腸内細菌叢の乱れと関連している(Autism and ADHD are linked to disturbed gut flora very early in life)

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2024-04-04 リンショーピング大学

幼児の腸内フローラと神経系の発達との関連を調査する初の前向き研究では、自閉症スペクトラム障害やADHDなどの神経系障害と関連する生物学的マーカーが見つかった。抗生物質治療や乳幼児期の耳感染症はリスク因子として関与しており、また、腸内フローラの組成も関連していることが示された。これにより、将来の診断リスクを評価し、予防措置を検討する可能性が開かれた。

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乳幼児期の微生物と代謝物が小児期の神経発達障害を指し示す Infant microbes and metabolites point to childhood neurodevelopmental disorders

Angelica P. Ahrens,Tuulia Hyötyläinen,Joseph R. Petrone,…,Matej Orešič,Eric W. Triplett,Johnny Ludvigsson
Cell  Published:April 03, 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.035

Highlights

  • Infant microbes and metabolites differentiate controls and future NDs
  • Early-life otitis lowers Coprococcus and increases Citrobacter in future NDs
  • Preterm birth, infection, stress, parental smoking, and HLA DR4-DQ8 increase ND risk
  • Linolenic acid is lower and PFDA toxins higher in the cord serum of future ASD

Summary

This study has followed a birth cohort for over 20 years to find factors associated with neurodevelopmental disorder (ND) diagnosis. Detailed, early-life longitudinal questionnaires captured infection and antibiotic events, stress, prenatal factors, family history, and more. Biomarkers including cord serum metabolome and lipidome, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype, infant microbiota, and stool metabolome were assessed. Among the 16,440 Swedish children followed across time, 1,197 developed an ND. Significant associations emerged for future ND diagnosis in general and for specific ND subtypes, spanning intellectual disability, speech disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and autism. This investigation revealed microbiome connections to future diagnosis as well as early emerging mood and gastrointestinal problems. The findings suggest links to immunodysregulation and metabolism, compounded by stress, early-life infection, and antibiotics. The convergence of infant biomarkers and risk factors in this prospective, longitudinal study on a large-scale population establishes a foundation for early-life prediction and intervention in neurodevelopment.

Graphical abstract

自閉症とADHDは生後早期の腸内細菌叢の乱れと関連している(Autism and ADHD are linked to disturbed gut flora very early in life)

 

医療・健康
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