遺伝子探索者たちが、複数の貴重な大豆形質を制御する非定型遺伝子を発見(Gene seekers discover atypical genes that control multiple valuable soybean traits)

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2024-04-29 パデュー大学

パデュー大学のチームは、野生大豆から望ましい特性を利用するための新しいバイオテクノロジーツールを開発しました。このツールにより、科学者は遺伝子編集法を用いて農業生産に適した新品種を作出することが容易になります。特に、野生大豆の2つの長鎖非コードRNA遺伝子が重要な役割を果たしており、これらの遺伝子は多様な形質を制御しています。この研究は、改良過程での遺伝的多様性の理解を深め、将来の品種改良に役立つ可能性があります。

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ダイズにおける複数の改良形質とオオヨコバイ抵抗性の背景にあるロングノンコーディングRNA Long noncoding RNAs underlie multiple domestication traits and leafhopper resistance in soybean

Weidong Wang,Jingbo Duan,Xutong Wang,Xingxing Feng,Liyang Chen,Chancelor B. Clark,Stephen A. Swarm,Jinbin Wang,Sen Lin,Randall L. Nelson,Blake C. Meyers,Xianzhong Feng & Jianxin Ma
Nature Genetics  Published:29 April 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-024-01738-2

遺伝子探索者たちが、複数の貴重な大豆形質を制御する非定型遺伝子を発見(Gene seekers discover atypical genes that control multiple valuable soybean traits)

Abstract

The origin and functionality of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) remain poorly understood. Here, we show that multiple quantitative trait loci modulating distinct domestication traits in soybeans are pleiotropic effects of a locus composed of two tandem lncRNA genes. These lncRNA genes, each containing two inverted repeats, originating from coding sequences of the MYB genes, function in wild soybeans by generating clusters of small RNA (sRNA) species that inhibit the expression of their MYB gene relatives through post-transcriptional regulation. By contrast, the expression of lncRNA genes in cultivated soybeans is severely repressed, and, consequently, the corresponding MYB genes are highly expressed, shaping multiple distinct domestication traits as well as leafhopper resistance. The inverted repeats were formed before the divergence of the Glycine genus from the PhaseolusVigna lineage and exhibit strong structure–function constraints. This study exemplifies a type of target for selection during plant domestication and identifies mechanisms of lncRNA formation and action.

細胞遺伝子工学
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