2024-05-31 スイス連邦工科大学ローザンヌ校(EPFL)
◆この研究は、地球全体の森林生物多様性を把握する最大規模のもので、10,000種以上の樹種の詳細な分布図を作成しました。研究では、26万件の樹木観測データと気候・土壌条件の地理空間データを組み合わせ、将来の気候シナリオに基づいて樹種の分布を予測しました。これにより、地域ごとの樹種の変化や保護の優先順位を導き出し、持続可能な森林管理の指針となる情報が提供されました。
<関連情報>
- https://actu.epfl.ch/news/scientists-map-biodiversity-changes-in-the-world-s/
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-48276-3
樹種構成の地域的独自性と森林損失および気候変動への対応 Regional uniqueness of tree species composition and response to forest loss and climate change
Nina van Tiel,Fabian Fopp,Philipp Brun,Johan van den Hoogen,Dirk Nikolaus Karger,Cecilia M. Casadei,Lisha Lyu,Devis Tuia,Niklaus E. Zimmermann,Thomas W. Crowther & Loïc Pellissier
Nature communications Published:31 May 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48276-3
Abstract
The conservation and restoration of forest ecosystems require detailed knowledge of the native plant compositions. Here, we map global forest tree composition and assess the impacts of historical forest cover loss and climate change on trees. The global occupancy of 10,590 tree species reveals complex taxonomic and phylogenetic gradients determining a local signature of tree lineage assembly. Species occupancy analyses indicate that historical forest loss has significantly restricted the potential suitable range of tree species in all forest biomes. Nevertheless, tropical moist and boreal forest biomes display the lowest level of range restriction and harbor extremely large ranged tree species, albeit with a stark contrast in richness and composition. Climate change simulations indicate that forest biomes are projected to differ in their response to climate change, with the highest predicted species loss in tropical dry and Mediterranean ecoregions. Our findings highlight the need for preserving the remaining large forest biomes while regenerating degraded forests in a way that provides resilience against climate change.
