2025-05-21 カリフォルニア大学サンフランシスコ校(UCSF)
<関連情報>
- https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2025/05/430011/yes-social-media-might-be-making-kids-depressed
- https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2834349
- https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanam/article/PIIS2667-193X(25)00012-2/fulltext
青年期前期のソーシャルメディア利用と抑うつ症状 Social Media Use and Depressive Symptoms During Early Adolescence
Jason M. Nagata, MD; Christopher D. Otmar, PhD; Joan Shim, MPH; Priyadharshini Balasubramanian, MPH; Chloe M. Cheng, MD; Elizabeth J. Li, MPH; Abubakr A. A. Al-Shoaibi, PhD; Iris Y. Shao, PhD; Kyle T. Ganson, PhD; Alexander Testa, PhD; Orsolya Kiss, PhD; Jinbo He, PhD; Fiona C. Baker, PhD
JAMA Network Open Published:May 21, 2025
DOI:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.11704
Key Points
Question Are there within-person associations between social media use (time) and depressive symptoms across early adolescence?
Findings In this cohort study of 11 876 children and adolescents, within-person increases in social media use during early adolescence were prospectively associated with greater depressive symptoms 1 year later, whereas depressive symptoms were not associated with later social media use.
Meaning The findings suggest that more time spent on social media during early adolescence may contribute to increased depressive symptoms over time.
Abstract
Importance In 2023, the US Surgeon General issued the Advisory on Social Media and Youth Mental Health, identifying critical research gaps that preclude evidence-based guidance given that most studies of social media and mental health have been cross-sectional rather than longitudinal and have focused on young adults or older adolescents rather than on younger adolescents.
Objective To evaluate longitudinal associations between social media use (time spent on social media) and depressive symptoms across 4 annual waves spanning a 3-year follow-up period from late childhood to early adolescence.
Design, Setting, and Participants In this prospective cohort study using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study across 21 study sites from October 2016 to October 2018, children aged 9 to 10 years at baseline were assessed across 4 waves (baseline, year 1, year 2, and year 3), with year-3 follow-up through 2022. Sample sizes varied across waves and measures due to attrition and missing data. Analyses retained all available data at each wave. Data were analyzed from January 2024 to March 2025.
Exposures Self-reported time spent on social media at baseline to 3-year follow-up.
Main Outcomes and Measures Reciprocal associations between social media use and depressive symptoms (Child Behavior Checklist) at baseline and at 1, 2, and 3 years of follow-up were assessed using longitudinal, cross-lagged structural equation panel models. Covariates included sex, race and ethnicity, household income, and parental educational level.
Results At baseline, the sample included 11 876 participants (mean [SD] age, 9.9 [0.6] years), of whom 6196 (52.2%) were male. After adjusting for stable between-person differences and covariates, within-person increases in social media use above the person-level mean were associated with elevated depressive symptoms from year 1 to year 2 (β, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.01-0.12; P = .01) and from year 2 to year 3 (β, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.04-0.14; P < .001), whereas depressive symptoms were not associated with subsequent social media use at any interval. The final random-intercept cross-lagged panel model demonstrated a good fit (comparative fit index, 0.977; Tucker-Lewis index, 0.968; root mean square error of approximation, 0.031 [90% CI, 0.029-0.033]). Between-person differences in social media use were not associated with depressive symptoms (β, -0.01; 95% CI, -0.04 to 0.02; P = .46) after accounting for demographic and family-level factors.
Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of 11 876 children and adolescents, reporting higher than person-level mean social media use in years 1 and 2 after baseline was associated with greater depressive symptoms in the subsequent year. The findings suggest that clinicians should provide anticipatory guidance regarding social media use for young adolescents and their parents.
思春期早期のいじめ、メンタルヘルス、薬物使用実験:前向きコホート研究 Cyberbullying, mental health, and substance use experimentation among early adolescents: a prospective cohort study
Jason M. Nagata ∙ Joan Shim ∙ Priyadharshini Balasubramanian ∙ Alicia W. Leong ∙ Zacariah Smith-Russack ∙ Iris Y. Shao ∙ et al.
The Lancet Regional Health-America Published:May 20, 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2025.101002
Summary
Background
Although cyberbullying has been linked with adverse health outcomes, most prior studies have been cross-sectional, and there are limited large-scale, prospective analyses examining cyberbullying and mental health and substance use outcomes in early adolescents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine prospective associations between cyberbullying, mental health, and substance use experimentation one year later in a US national cohort of early adolescents (11–12 years old).
Methods
We analyzed prospective cohort data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (Year 2, N = 9799). Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to determine associations between cyberbullying victimization (exposure variable, Year 2) and mental health (depressive, anxiety, attention, somatic, oppositional defiant, conduct problems, and suicidal behaviours), and substance (alcohol, nicotine, cannabis) use experimentation outcomes (Year 3), adjusting for sociodemographic variables and mental health outcomes, suicidal behaviours, or reported substance use experimentation at Year 2.
Findings
The total analysed sample comprised 9799 who were 48.4% female and racially/ethnically diverse (45.1% non-White). 8.7% reported lifetime cyberbullying victimization. Cyberbullying victimization was prospectively associated with higher depressive (β = 0.61, 95% CI 0.02–1.19), somatic (β = 1.00, 95% CI 0.42–1.57), and attention problems (β = 0.52, 95% CI 0.03–1.00), as well as suicidal behaviors (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.62, 95% CI 1.73–3.98) one year later. Cyberbullying victimization was prospectively associated with higher odds of alcohol (AOR 1.98, 95% CI 1.53–2.57), nicotine (AOR 3.37, 95% 2.16–5.26), and cannabis (AOR 4.65, 95% 2.46–8.77) experimentation one year later. While cyberbullying victimization was associated with anxiety, oppositional defiant, and conduct problems in the unadjusted model, this was no longer significant after adjusting for covariates.
Interpretation
Given associations with poor mental health and substance use in early adolescents, it is important to develop interventions to prevent and reduce cyberbullying. Pediatricians, parents, and educators can provide mental health support for early adolescent victims of cyberbullying.
Funding
This research was supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-048897). J.M.N. was funded by the National Institutes of Health (K08HL159350 and R01MH135492) and the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (2022056).
