DNAを溶かすことによって病原体や敗血症をより速く正確に検出する(Detecting Pathogens—and Sepsis—Faster and More Accurately by Melting DNA)

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2024-02-21 カリフォルニア大学サンディエゴ校(UCSD)

DNAを溶かすことによって病原体や敗血症をより速く正確に検出する(Detecting Pathogens—and Sepsis—Faster and More Accurately by Melting DNA)
Researchers use this chip to analyze the microbes present in whole blood samples.

カリフォルニア大学サンディエゴ校の研究では、新しい解析方法が血液中の病原体を迅速かつ正確に検出することが示された。この方法は従来の血液培養よりも早く、偽陽性のリスクも低い。感染症の迅速な診断は特に小児ICUや救急室で重要であり、治療の遅れは死亡リスクを高める。

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菌血症診断のためのユニバーサルデジタル高解像度メルト分析 Universal digital high resolution melt analysis for the diagnosis of bacteremia

April Aralar,Tyler Goshia,Nanda Ramchandar,…,Melanie Crabtree,Yordanos Tesfai,Stephanie I. Fraley
The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics  Published:February 20, 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoldx.2024.01.013

ABSTRACT

Fast and accurate diagnosis of bloodstream infection is necessary to inform treatment decisions for septic patients, who face hourly increases in mortality risk. Blood culture remains the gold standard test but typically requires ∼15 hours to detect the presence of a pathogen. Here, the potential for universal digital high-resolution melt (U-dHRM) analysis to accomplish faster broad-based bacterial detection, load quantification, and species-level identification directly from whole blood is assessed. Analytical validation studies demonstrated strong agreement between U-dHRM load measurement and quantitative blood culture, indicating that U-dHRM detection is highly specific to intact organisms. In a pilot clinical study of 17 whole blood samples from pediatric patients undergoing simultaneous blood culture testing, U-dHRM achieved 100% concordance when compared with blood culture and 88% concordance when compared with clinical adjudication. Moreover, U-dHRM identified the causative pathogen to the species level in all cases where the organism was represented in the melt curve database. These results were achieved with a 1 mL sample input and sample-to-answer time of 6 hrs. Overall, this pilot study suggests that U-dHRM may be a promising method to address the challenges of quickly and accurately diagnosing a bloodstream infection.

医療・健康
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