2023-04-04 ニューサウスウェールズ大学(UNSW)
しかし、低所得層は緑地にアクセスできる機会が少なく、この取り組みがすべての人々に利益をもたらすことが重要である。今後、自然の処方箋が国民的な取り組みとなるためには、長期的な研究とともに、処方箋の実施方法や対象者の選定などについての検討が必要である。
<関連情報>
- https://newsroom.unsw.edu.au/news/health/nature-prescriptions-can-improve-physical-and-mental-health-study
- https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(23)00025-6/fulltext
自然処方箋が心代謝や精神的健康、身体活動に及ぼす影響:システマティックレビュー Effect of nature prescriptions on cardiometabolic and mental health, and physical activity: a systematic review
Phi-Yen Nguyen, Thomas Astell-Burt, Hania Rahimi-Ardabili, Xiaoqi Feng
The Lancet Planetary Health Published:April, 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(23)00025-6
Summary
Nature prescriptions are gaining popularity as a form of social prescribing in support of sustainable health care. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to synthesise evidence on the effectiveness of nature prescriptions and determine the factors important for their success. We searched five databases from inception up to July 25, 2021. Randomised and non-randomised controlled studies featuring a nature prescription (ie, a referral or an organised programme, by a health or social professional, to encourage spending time in nature) were included. Two reviewers independently conducted all steps of study selection; one reviewer collected summary data from published reports and conducted the risk of bias assessment. Random-effect DerSimonian-Laird meta-analyses were conducted for five key outcomes. We identified 92 unique studies (122 reports), of which 28 studies contributed data to meta-analyses. Compared with control conditions, nature prescription programmes resulted in a greater reduction in systolic blood pressure (mean difference –4·82 mm Hg [–8·92 to –0·72]) and diastolic blood pressure (mean difference –3·82 mm Hg [–6·47 to –1·16). Nature prescriptions also had a moderate to large effect on depression scores (post-intervention standardised mean difference –0·50 [–0·84 to –0·16]; change from baseline standardised mean difference –0·42 [–0·82 to –0·03]) and anxiety scores (post-intervention standardised mean difference –0·57 [–1·12 to –0·03]; change from baseline standardised mean difference –1·27 [–2·20 to –0·33]). Nature prescriptions resulted in a greater increase in daily step counts than control conditions (mean difference 900 steps [790 to 1010]) but did not improve weekly time of moderate physical activity (mean difference 25·90 min [–10·26 to 62·06]). A subgroup analysis restricted to studies featuring a referring institution showed stronger effects on depression scores, daily step counts, and weekly time of moderate physical activity than the general analysis. Beneficial effects on anxiety and depression scores were mainly provided by interventions involving social professionals whereas beneficial effects on blood pressures and daily step counts were provided mainly by interventions involving health professionals. Most studies have a moderate to high risk of bias. Nature prescription programmes showed evidence of cardiometabolic and mental health benefits and increases in walking. Effective nature prescription programmes can involve a range of natural settings and activities and can be implemented via social and community channels, in addition to health professionals.
