2023-04-05 ペンシルベニア州立大学(PennState)
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine found that exposure to feared foods — such as candy bars and pizza — helped kids who were in a partial hospitalization program for eating disorders experience decreased anxiety toward food. Credit: Andriyko Podilnyk, Unsplash. All Rights Reserved.
治療プログラムに参加する若者たちは、キャンディバー、ピザなどの恐れられる食品に直面することで、食への不安が軽減された。食への恐怖により苦しむ人が3000万人いると推定され、特にLGBTQ+コミュニティ、思春期および若年成人が脆弱であることが指摘されている。
また、COVID-19パンデミックにより、若者の食にまつわる問題に対する入院および外来受診の増加が報告されている。
<関連情報>
- https://www.psu.edu/news/research/story/exposure-therapy-feared-foods-may-help-kids-eating-disorders/
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/eat.23894
摂食障害のある青年に対する食物曝露への反応に及ぼすセッション間馴化、セッション内馴化、および体重増加の影響 The impact of between-session habituation, within-session habituation, and weight gain on response to food exposure for adolescents with eating disorders
Jamal H. Essayli , Lauren N. Forrest, Hana F. Zickgraf, Emily C. Stefano, Kathleen L. Keller, Susan E. Lane-Loney
International Journal of Eating Disorders Published: 10 January 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23894
Abstract
Objective
Exposure therapy is a promising treatment for eating disorders (EDs). However, questions remain about the effectiveness of exposure to feared foods during the weight restoration phase of treatment, and the importance of between-session and within-session habituation.
Method
We recruited 54 adolescents from a partial hospitalization program (PHP) for EDs which included daily food exposure. Throughout treatment, participants provided subjective units of distress (SUDS) ratings before and after eating a feared food, and completed measures of ED symptomatology.
Results
Multilevel models found that pre-exposure SUDS decreased over time, providing some evidence that between-session habituation occurred. In contrast, the difference between pre-exposure and post-exposure SUDS did not decrease over time, indicating that within-session habituation did not occur. Weight gain predicted greater between-session habituation to feared foods, but did not predict within-session habituation. Between-session habituation, but not within-session habituation, predicted favorable treatment outcomes, including weight gain and improvements on the Children’s Eating Attitudes Test and Fear of Food Measure.
Discussion
Partial hospitalization programs that include daily exposure to feared foods may be effective at decreasing anxiety about foods for adolescents with EDs who are experiencing weight restoration. Further research is warranted to replicate our findings challenging the importance of within-session habituation, and to better understand between-session habituation and inhibitory learning as mechanisms of change when conducting food exposure for EDs.
Public Significance
This study provides some evidence that PHPs that include food exposure may be useful for adolescents with EDs who are experiencing weight restoration. Between-session habituation, but not within-session habituation, predicted favorable treatment outcomes. Further research is needed to determine whether clinicians can disregard within-session habituation when conducting food exposure for EDs, and understand the importance of between-session habituation as a potential mechanism of food exposure.
