2023-06-27 イリノイ大学アーバナ・シャンペーン校
◆この研究は、アルコールクリニカル・アンド・エクスペリメンタル・リサーチ誌に掲載されました。また、女性の体組成とアルコールの吸収と排泄速度における肥満と年齢の影響を調査したイリノイ大学アーバナ・シャンペーン校の科学者たちによる新しい研究も紹介されています。
<関連情報>
- https://medicine.illinois.edu/news/ci-med-faculty-research-shows-lean-body-mass-age-linked-with-alcohol-elimination-rates-in-women
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/acer.15047
女性におけるアルコール排泄率のばらつきの大部分を無脂肪体重が占める Fat-free mass accounts for most of the variance in alcohol elimination rate in women
Neda Seyedsadjadi, Vijay A. Ramchandani, Martin H. Plawecki, Ann E. K. Kosobud, Sean O’Connor, Blair Rowitz, Marta Yanina Pepino
Alcohol: Clinical and Experimental Research Published: 05 March 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.15047
Abstract
Background
Understanding how blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) achieved after drinking are determined is critical to predicting alcohol exposure to the brain and other organs and alcohol’s effects. However, predicting end-organ exposures is challenging, as there is wide variation in BAC achieved after drinking a specified volume of alcohol. This variation is partly due to differences in body composition and alcohol elimination rates (AER), but there are limited data on how obesity affects AER. Here, we assess associations between obesity, fat-free mass (FFM), and AER in women and examine whether bariatric surgeries, which are linked to an increased risk of alcohol misuse, affect these associations.
Methods
We analyzed data from three studies that used similar intravenous alcohol clamping procedures to estimate AER in 143 women (21 to 64 years old) with a wide range of body mass index (BMI; 18.5 to 48.4 kg/m2). Body composition was measured in a subgroup using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (n = 42) or Bioimpedance (n = 60), and 19 of the women underwent bariatric surgery 2.1 ± 0.3 years before participation. We analyzed data using multiple linear regression analyses.
Results
Obesity and older age were associated with a faster AER (BMI: rs = 0.70 and age: rs = 0.61, both p < 0.001). Compared to women with normal weight, AER was 52% faster (95% Confidence Interval: 42% to 61%) in women with obesity. However, BMI lost predictive value when adding fat-free mass (FFM) to the regression model. Age, FFM, and its interaction explained 72% of individual variance in AER (F (4, 97) = 64.3, p < 0.001). AER was faster in women with higher FFM, particularly women in the top tertile of age. After controlling for FFM and age, bariatric surgery was not associated with differences in AER (p = 0.74).
Conclusions
Obesity is associated with a faster AER, but this association is mediated by an obesity-related increase in FFM, particularly in older women. Previous findings of a reduced alcohol clearance following bariatric surgery compared with prior to surgery are likely explained by a reduction in FFM post-surgery.
