2023-09-18 アリゾナ大学
A Yarrow’s spiny lizard spotted at Canelo Hills, Arizona
John J. Wiens
◆研究者は、アリゾナ州の山岳地帯でヤローズスパイニーリザードの個体群を調査し、気候関連の絶滅率を分析しました。低標高の個体群の絶滅率が急増しており、過去7年間で前の42年間に比べて3倍に増加していることが明らかになりました。
◆これは気候変動の加速によるもので、遺伝的に変異が少ない個体群が気候変動に適応する能力が少ないことが原因とされています。今後の研究では、他の地域やトカゲ種における気候変動の影響についても調査される予定で、短期間での絶滅の可能性に焦点が当てられます。
<関連情報>
- https://news.arizona.edu/story/pace-climate-driven-extinction-accelerating-uarizona-led-study-shows
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ele.14303
ごく最近の気候変動に伴う局地的絶滅の加速 Accelerating local extinction associated with very recent climate change
Kim L. Holzmann, Ramona L. Walls, John J. Wiens
Ecology Letters Published: 18 September 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.14303
Abstract
Climate change has already caused local extinction in many plants and animals, based on surveys spanning many decades. As climate change accelerates, the pace of these extinctions may also accelerate, potentially leading to large-scale, species-level extinctions. We tested this hypothesis in a montane lizard. We resurveyed 18 mountain ranges in 2021–2022 after only ~7 years. We found rates of local extinction among the fastest ever recorded, which have tripled in the past ~7 years relative to the preceding ~42 years. Further, climate change generated local extinction in ~7 years similar to that seen in other organisms over ~70 years. Yet, contrary to expectations, populations at two of the hottest sites survived. We found that genomic data helped predict which populations survived and which went extinct. Overall, we show the increasing risk to biodiversity posed by accelerating climate change and the opportunity to study its effects over surprisingly brief timescales.
