2023-10-26 オークリッジ国立研究所(ORNL)
◆オークリッジ国立研究所の科学者たちは、ポプラの木で根の成長を飛躍的に増加させる遺伝子「ホットスポット」を特定しした。この発見は、バイオエネルギー作物や他の植物の開発を支援し、困難な条件で繁栄し、地下により多くの炭素を貯蔵できる可能性があります。
◆彼らはPtrXB38という遺伝子の分子機能を確認し、この遺伝子を持つ植物は多くて深い根を生成し、茎や葉にも空中根の成長を刺激したことを発見しました。これにより、栄養吸収が増加し、植物は耐乾燥性が向上し、地下に炭素を長期間貯蔵できます。この遺伝子はバイオマス生産、食品生産、気候変動の緩和に関連して重要な影響を持つ可能性があります。
<関連情報>
- https://www.ornl.gov/news/root-bulked-plants
- https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19126
PtrXB38がポピュラスの不定根発生における重要なハブ遺伝子であることが発現量的形質座位マッピングにより判明 Expression quantitative trait loci mapping identified PtrXB38 as a key hub gene in adventitious root development in Populus
Tao Yao, Jin Zhang, Timothy B. Yates, Him K. Shrestha, Nancy L. Engle, Raphael Ployet, Cai John, Kai Feng, William Patrick Bewg, Margot S. S. Chen, Haiwei Lu, Scott A. Harding, Zhenzhen Qiao, Sara S. Jawdy, Mengjun Shu, Wenya Yuan, Khadijeh Mozaffari, Anne E. Harman-Ware, Renee M. Happs, Larry M. York, Brad M. Binder, Yuko Yoshinaga, Christopher Daum, Timothy J. Tschaplinski, Paul E. Abraham, Chung-Jui Tsai, Kerrie Barry, Anna Lipzen, Jeremy Schmutz, Gerald A. Tuskan, Jin-Gui Chen, Wellington Muchero
New Phytologist Published: 24 July 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.19126
Summary
- Plant establishment requires the formation and development of an extensive root system with architecture modulated by complex genetic networks.
- Here, we report the identification of the PtrXB38 gene as an expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) hotspot, mapped using 390 leaf and 444 xylem Populus trichocarpa transcriptomes. Among predicted targets of this trans-eQTL were genes involved in plant hormone responses and root development.
- Overexpression of PtrXB38 in Populus led to significant increases in callusing and formation of both stem-born roots and base-born adventitious roots. Omics studies revealed that genes and proteins controlling auxin transport and signaling were involved in PtrXB38-mediated adventitious root formation. Protein–protein interaction assays indicated that PtrXB38 interacts with components of endosomal sorting complexes required for transport machinery, implying that PtrXB38-regulated root development may be mediated by regulating endocytosis pathway.
- Taken together, this work identified a crucial root development regulator and sheds light on the discovery of other plant developmental regulators through combining eQTL mapping and omics approaches.
