青少年期の体力は、その後の動脈硬化の抑制につながる(Physical fitness in adolescence linked to less atherosclerosis in middle age)

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2024-02-22 リンショーピング大学

リンシェーピング大学の研究者による調査によると、若い頃に体格が良かった男性は、約40年後に動脈硬化のリスクが低かった。この研究成果は、体格の良さと心血管疾患の関連の背後にある機構の一つが動脈硬化である可能性を示唆している。彼らは、青年期の体格と後の人生での動脈硬化との関係を調査した。この研究は、心臓への血液供給を調べる最新技術である冠動脈CT血管造影を使用し、若い頃の体格と動脈硬化の関連性を調査した初めての研究の一つでもある。

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男性青年の体力と中年期の動脈硬化:集団ベースのコホート研究 Physical fitness in male adolescents and atherosclerosis in middle age: a population-based cohort study

Ángel Herraiz-Adillo,Viktor H Ahlqvist, Sara Higueras-Fresnillo,Kristofer Hedman,Emil Hagström,Melony Fortuin-de Smidt,Bledar Daka,Cecilia Lenander,Daniel Berglind,Carl Johan Östgren,Karin Rådholm,Francisco B Ortega,Pontus Henriksson
British Journal of Sports Medicine  Published February 14, 2024
DOI:10.1136/bjsports-2023-107663

青少年期の体力は、その後の動脈硬化の抑制につながる(Physical fitness in adolescence linked to less atherosclerosis in middle age)

Abstract

Objectives To examine the associations between physical fitness in male adolescents and coronary and carotid atherosclerosis in middle age.

Methods This population-based cohort study linked physical fitness data from the Swedish Military Conscription Register during adolescence to atherosclerosis data from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study in middle age. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using a maximal cycle-ergometer test, and knee extension muscular strength was evaluated through an isometric dynamometer. Coronary atherosclerosis was evaluated via Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) stenosis and Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) scores, while carotid plaques were evaluated by ultrasound. The associations were analysed using multinomial logistic regression, adjusted (marginal) prevalences and restricted cubic splines.

Results The analysis included 8986 male adolescents (mean age 18.3 years) with a mean follow-up of 38.2 years. Physical fitness showed a reversed J-shaped association with CCTA stenosis and CAC, but no consistent association was observed for carotid plaques. After adjustments, compared with adolescents in the lowest tertile of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength, those in the highest tertile had 22% (OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.61 to 0.99) and 26% (OR 0.74; 95% CI 0.58 to 0.93) lower ORs for severe (≥50%) coronary stenosis, respectively. The highest physical fitness group (high cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength) had 33% (OR 0.67; 95% CI 0.52 to 0.87) lower OR for severe coronary stenosis compared with those with the lowest physical fitness.

Conclusion This study supports that a combination of high cardiorespiratory fitness and high muscular strength in adolescence is associated with lower coronary atherosclerosis, particularly severe coronary stenosis, almost 40 years later.

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