2024-08-28 ノースウェスタン大学
<関連情報>
- https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/2024/august/bacterial-cells-transmit-memories-to-offspring/
- https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.ado3232
細菌の制御ネットワークにおける不可逆性 Irreversibility in bacterial regulatory networks
Yi Zhao, Thomas P. Wytock, Kimberly A. Reynolds, and Adilson E. Motter
Science Advances Published:28 Aug 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ado3232
Abstract
Irreversibility, in which a transient perturbation leaves a system in a new state, is an emergent property in systems of interacting entities. This property has well-established implications in statistical physics but remains underexplored in biological networks, especially for bacteria and other prokaryotes whose regulation of gene expression occurs predominantly at the transcriptional level. Focusing on the reconstructed regulatory network of Escherichia coli, we examine network responses to transient single-gene perturbations. We predict irreversibility in numerous cases and find that the incidence of irreversibility increases with the proximity of the perturbed gene to positive circuits in the network. Comparison with experimental data suggests a connection between the predicted irreversibility to transient perturbations and the evolutionary response to permanent perturbations.
1944-45年オランダ飢饉への出生前曝露の世代間影響 Transgenerational effects of prenatal exposure to the 1944–45 Dutch famine
MVE Veenendaal, RC Painter, SR de Rooij, PMM Bossuyt, JAM van der Post, PD Gluckman, MA Hanson, TJ Roseboom
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Published: 24 January 2013
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.12136
Abstract
Objective
We previously showed that maternal under-nutrition during gestation is associated with increased metabolic and cardiovascular disease in the offspring. Also, we found increased neonatal adiposity among the grandchildren of women who had been undernourished during pregnancy. In the present study we investigated whether these transgenerational effects have led to altered body composition and poorer health in adulthood in the grandchildren.
Design
Historical cohort study.
Setting
Web-based questionnaire.
Population
The adult offspring (F2) of a cohort of men and women (F1) born around the time of the 1944–45 Dutch famine.
Methods
We approached the F2 adults through their parents. Participating F2 adults (n = 360, mean age 37 years) completed an online questionnaire.
Main outcome measures
Weight, body mass index (BMI), and health in F2 adults, according to F1 prenatal famine exposure.
Results
Adult offspring (F2) of prenatally exposed F1 fathers had higher weights and BMIs than offspring of prenatally unexposed F1 fathers (+4.9 kg, P = 0.03; +1.6 kg/m², P = 0.006). No such effect was found for the F2 offspring of prenatally exposed F1 mothers. We observed no differences in adult health between the F2 generation groups.
Conclusions
Offspring of prenatally undernourished fathers, but not mothers, were heavier and more obese than offspring of fathers and mothers who had not been undernourished prenatally. We found no evidence of transgenerational effects of grandmaternal under-nutrition during gestation on the health of this relatively young group, but the increased adiposity in the offspring of prenatally undernourished fathers may lead to increased chronic disease rates in the future.
