2024-12-23 ミュンヘン大学(LMU)
<関連情報>
- https://www.lmu.de/en/newsroom/news-overview/news/fossil-killifish-new-findings-reveal-unforeseen-diversity.html
- https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14772019.2024.2412539
ボスニア・ヘルツェゴビナ、ブゴジノ盆地の中期中新世から産出したメダカ(Cyprinodontiformes)の2つの新属:Valenciidaeの失われた多様性への洞察 Two new genera of killifish (Cyprinodontiformes) from the Middle Miocene of the Bugojno Basin, Bosnia and Herzegovina: insights into the lost diversity of Valenciidae
Andrea Herbert Maineroa ,Davit Vasilyan& Bettina Reichenbacher
Journal of Systematic Palaeontology Published:23 Dec 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2024.2412539
Abstract
Present-day killifishes (Cyprinodontiformes, toothcarps), known for their diversity and ecological adaptability, are represented in Eurasia by two families that each have their own taxonomic diversity, namely the diverse Aphaniidae (eight genera, > 40 species) and the less diverse Valenciidae (one genus, three species). The fossil record of both families is quite extensive in the area of Western and Central Europe, but is poor elsewhere. Here we present new fossil killifish material (consisting of 179 individuals, in many cases with otoliths in situ) from the Middle Miocene of south-eastern Europe (that is, site Gračanica in the Bugojno Basin, Bosnia and Herzegovina) using both comparative morphology (including meristics, osteology and otoliths) and phylogenetic analysis. For the latter, we used a substantially expanded morphological matrix of a previous work and conducted implied-weight maximum parsimony analyses both without constraints and with a molecular scaffold as a backbone for the extant taxa (with fossils left as floaters). Our results show that the Bugojno killifish assemblage consists exclusively of members of two new genera of the Valenciidae, †Miovalencia gen. nov. and †Wilsonilebias gen. nov., each of which is represented by two species (three new and one genus reassignment). We also found that not only the saccular otolith (sagitta), which is well known for its taxonomic information, but also the utricular otolith (lapillus) provide important taxonomic information for generic diagnosis. The discovery of the new species from the Bugojno Basin expands the known geographical distribution of the fossil Valenciidae to the Dinaride Lake System of south-eastern Europe. Furthermore, by surveying previous works, we uncovered that the fossil Valenciidae were taxonomically diverse and widely distributed geographically, which is in stark contrast with their diversity and biogeography today. Our results highlight the importance of detailed taxonomic and phylogenetic investigations of fossil killifishes in gaining insight into the evolutionary history of this remarkable group among today’s freshwater fish faunas. http://zoobank.org/urn:urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:890009C0-2758-49AA-931F-0F63A4E46C8E
