チベット高原で新しい地衣類属を発見(New Lichen Genus Discovered on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau)

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2025-03-15 中国科学院(CAS)

中国科学院昆明植物研究所の研究チームは、青海チベット高原で新たな地衣類の属「Pseudosolorina」を発見しました。この属には、3つの新種と5つの新たな組み合わせを含む8種が含まれています。これらの種は主に四川省、雲南省、青海省の標高3,000メートル以上の湿潤な河谷や森林の縁で、コケや土壌上に生育しています。これらの種は、離れた円盤状の子嚢盤を持ち、独特の形態的特徴により、自然環境下でも容易に識別できます。従来、これらの特徴を持つ種はSolorina属に分類されていましたが、研究により、Solorina内に形態的に異なる2つの系統が存在し、そのうち1つは新属として指定すべきであることが明らかになりました。この発見は、青海チベット高原の高山地帯における地衣類の多様性を豊かにするものです。

<関連情報>

ペルティゲラ科ソロリナ属の分類学的改訂により新属と新種3種が発見される Taxonomic Revision of Solorina (Peltigeraceae, Ascomycota), Reveals a New Genus and Three New Species

Ting Zheng,Lisong Wang,Min Ai,,Yuxin Gan,Rong Fan,Yingjun Zhang,Fiona Ruth Worthy,Jizhen Jin,Wenping Meng,Shengbang Zhang and Xinyu Wang
Journal of Fungi  Published: 20 February 2025
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11030169

チベット高原で新しい地衣類属を発見(New Lichen Genus Discovered on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau)

Abstract

The lichen genus Solorina exhibits significant morphological and chemical variations between species. Recent molecular studies have demonstrated that Solorina is polyphyletic, underscoring the need for a comprehensive taxonomic revision. Phylogenetic analyses employing Bayesian methods and Maximum Likelihood approaches based on three molecular loci (nrITS, nrLSU, mtSSU) revealed that species of Solorina segregate into two distinct clades. The first clade includes species characterized by bright orange lower surfaces that contain secondary metabolites, notably solorinic acid. The type species, Solorina crocea, is retained in the genus Solorina. The second clade encompasses species with white or brownish lower surfaces; most species lack secondary metabolites and are now classified as a new genus, Pseudosolorina. As a result of this taxonomic revision, two species: S. crocea and S. crocoides remain in the genus Solorina. Five species with white or brownish lower surfaces were transferred to the new genus Pseudosolorina, which consists of three newly described species and five new combinations. Four species previously described as Solorina: S. embolina, S. fuegiensis, S. octospora, and S. platycarpa have morphology consistent with Pseudosolorina, but are currently retained in Solorina due to the absence of supporting DNA sequence data. A key to Solorina and Pseudosolorina is provided. The spores of S. crocea exhibit wall ornamentation featuring rounded papillae, which are distinct from those of Pseudosolorina. Molecular data and morphological characters also indicate that both Solorina and Pseudosolorina engage in symbiotic associations with photobionts cyanobacteria Nostoc and chlorophytes Coccomyxa or Asterochloris.

生物化学工学
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