精密なタンパク質分解制御における画期的成果(Chinese Scientists Achieve Breakthrough in Precise Protein Degradation)

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2026-01-20 中国科学院(CAS)

中国の研究チームは、生体内で特定の疾患関連タンパク質を空間的・時間的に精密制御しながら分解する新技術を開発した。研究は学術誌Cellに掲載され、がんや神経変性疾患などへの新たな治療戦略を切り開く成果とされる。多くの疾患はタンパク質の異常に起因するが、従来の低分子薬は標的となる結合部位を持たないタンパク質には効果が限定的だった。これに対し、中国科学院化学研究所(Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences)の研究者らは、SupTACs(超分子標的キメラ)と呼ばれる新手法を開発。細胞内のユビキチン–プロテアソーム系を利用し、標的タンパク質を分解装置へ誘導することで選択的分解を実現した。SupTACsはマウスなどに加え非ヒト霊長類でも安定した効果を示し、標的タンパク質分解技術の臨床応用に向けた重要な前進と評価されている。

<関連情報>

マルチモーダル超分子標的キメラは生体内での時空間的に分解されたタンパク質分解を可能にする Multimodal supramolecular targeting chimeras enable spatiotemporally resolved protein degradation in vivo

Ji Liu ∙ Tianyu Ma ∙ Rui Yao ∙ Lijuan Li ∙ Qizhen Zheng ∙ Ming Wang
Cell  Published:January 16, 2026
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2025.12.007

Graphical abstract

精密なタンパク質分解制御における画期的成果(Chinese Scientists Achieve Breakthrough in Precise Protein Degradation)

Highlights

  • SupTAC provides a modular and programmable platform for targeted protein degradation
  • SupTAC enables spatiotemporally resolved protein degradation in vivo
  • SupTAC demonstrates tissue-specific protein degradation in non-human primates
  • Lung-specific degradation of ACSL4 effectively suppresses lung ferroptosis

Summary

Targeted protein degradation (TPD) has transformed strategies for modulating protein function in both basic biology and therapeutic development. However, current strategies often lack the spatial and temporal precision required for in vivo applications. Herein, we report supramolecular targeting chimeras (SupTACs), a modular and programmable platform that enables tissue-specific and temporally controlled protein degradation in vivo. SupTACs self-assemble into supramolecular nanoparticles (SNPs) that co-localize target-binding ligands and E3 ligase recruiters, thereby facilitating proteasomal degradation through multivalent supramolecular proximity. This strategy achieves robust and tissue-specific degradation, including liver and lung specificity, in multiple species up to non-human primates. As a proof of concept, lung-specific degradation of acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) using SupTACs effectively mitigates ferroptosis and pulmonary inflammation in a murine model of acute lung injury. By integrating modularity, tissue specificity, and temporal regulation, SupTACs establish a versatile platform for precise control of protein degradation for interrogating dynamic signaling networks and developing targeted therapeutics.

生物化学工学
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