2023-10-18 ノースカロライナ州立大学(NCState)
◆蚊の進化は過去2億年にわたり、地球の陸地の移動や宿主生物の変化と類似していることが示唆されています。蚊は約2億1700万年前に南アメリカのGondwanaと呼ばれる大陸で起源し、血を吸う能力は哺乳類や鳥が地球上で繁栄する前に進化しました。
◆研究者は、恐竜が蚊の血食を提供した可能性があると述べています。進化に関する研究は今後も続き、悪質な蚊を特定し、なぜ一部の蚊が病原体の拡散を促進するのかを理解するのに役立つでしょう。
<関連情報>
- https://news.ncsu.edu/2023/10/mosquito-family-tree/
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-41764-y
系統遺伝学で明らかになった蚊の宿主利用の歴史 Phylogenomics reveals the history of host use in mosquitoes
John Soghigian, Charles Sither, Silvia Andrade Justi, Gen Morinaga, Brian K. Cassel, Christopher J. Vitek, Todd Livdahl, Siyang Xia, Andrea Gloria-Soria, Jeffrey R. Powell, Thomas Zavortink, Christopher M. Hardy, Nathan D. Burkett-Cadena, Lawrence E. Reeves, Richard C. Wilkerson, Robert R. Dunn, David K. Yeates, Maria Anice Sallum, Brian D. Byrd, Michelle D. Trautwein, Yvonne-Marie Linton, Michael H. Reiskind & Brian M. Wiegmann
Nature Communications Published:06 October 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-41764-y
Abstract
Mosquitoes have profoundly affected human history and continue to threaten human health through the transmission of a diverse array of pathogens. The phylogeny of mosquitoes has remained poorly characterized due to difficulty in taxonomic sampling and limited availability of genomic data beyond the most important vector species. Here, we used phylogenomic analysis of 709 single copy ortholog groups from 256 mosquito species to produce a strongly supported phylogeny that resolves the position of the major disease vector species and the major mosquito lineages. Our analyses support an origin of mosquitoes in the early Triassic (217 MYA [highest posterior density region: 188–250 MYA]), considerably older than previous estimates. Moreover, we utilize an extensive database of host associations for mosquitoes to show that mosquitoes have shifted to feeding upon the blood of mammals numerous times, and that mosquito diversification and host-use patterns within major lineages appear to coincide in earth history both with major continental drift events and with the diversification of vertebrate classes.
