肺がんの早期発見を可能にする吸入可能なセンサー(Inhalable sensors could enable early lung cancer detection)

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2024-01-05 マサチューセッツ工科大学(MIT)

◆MITの新技術を使用することで、肺がんの診断が吸入可能なナノ粒子センサーを使った後、尿検査で腫瘍の有無がわかるという簡便なものになるかもしれません。
◆吸入器やネブライザーで提供されるナノセンサーにより、肺でがんに関連するタンパク質が検知されると、尿中に蓄積され、簡易な紙のテストストリップで検出できます。これはCTスキャンの代替または補完となり、特に広くCTスキャナーが普及していない低所得および中所得国において重要な影響を与える可能性があります。

<関連情報>

吸入可能なポイントオブケア尿診断プラットフォーム Inhalable point-of-care urinary diagnostic platform

Qian Zhong,Edward K. W. Tan,Carmen Martin-Alonso,Tiziana Parisi,Liangliang Hao,Jesse D. Kirkpatrick,Tarek Fadel,Heather E. Fleming,Tyler Jacks,and Sangeeta N. Bhatia
Science Advances  Published:5 Jan 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adj9591

肺がんの早期発見を可能にする吸入可能なセンサー(Inhalable sensors could enable early lung cancer detection)

Abstract

Although low-dose computed tomography screening improves lung cancer survival in at-risk groups, inequality remains in lung cancer diagnosis due to limited access to and high costs of medical imaging infrastructure. We designed a needleless and imaging-free platform, termed PATROL (point-of-care aerosolizable nanosensors with tumor-responsive oligonucleotide barcodes), to reduce resource disparities for early detection of lung cancer. PATROL formulates a set of DNA-barcoded, activity-based nanosensors (ABNs) into an inhalable format. Lung cancer–associated proteases selectively cleave the ABNs, releasing synthetic DNA reporters that are eventually excreted via the urine. The urinary signatures of barcoded nanosensors are quantified within 20 min at room temperature using a multiplexable paper-based lateral flow assay. PATROL detects early-stage tumors in an autochthonous lung adenocarcinoma mouse model with high sensitivity and specificity. Tailoring the library of ABNs may enable not only the modular PATROL platform to lower the resource threshold for lung cancer early detection tools but also the rapid detection of chronic pulmonary disorders and infections.

医療・健康
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