研究者たちは、人類以外で知られている最も複雑なコミュニケーション形態の1つには、学習と文化が必要であることを発見しました。 Researchers find that learning and culture are needed for one of the most intricate forms of communication known outside humans
2023-03-09 カリフォルニア大学サンディエゴ校(UCSD)
UC San DiegoのJames Nieh教授らが、Science誌の表紙に掲載された研究で、ハチの「ワッグルダンス」が学習によって改善され、文化的に伝達されることを発見した。
この研究は、非人間の空間指示的コミュニケーションの最も複雑な例の一つで、早期の社会的信号学習の重要性を示している。ハチは、人間や多くの鳥や裸モグラのように、言語習得のための重要な期間を持っている。ハチは、ワッグルダンスを通じて食物などの重要な場所を伝えることができる。これは、視覚的な情報を太陽の位置を含めて、巣にいる他のハチに伝えることができる。
<関連情報>
- https://today.ucsd.edu/story/complex-learned-social-behavior-discovered-in-bees-waggle-dance
- https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ade1702
ミツバチにおけるワッグルダンスの社会信号学習 Social signal learning of the waggle dance in honey bees
Shihao Dong,Tao Lin,James C. Nieh,Ken Tan
Science Published:9 Mar 2023
Learning to dance
The honeybee waggle dance has long been recognized as a behavior that communicates information about resource location from a foraging worker to her nest mates. Dong et al. show that this complex dance is in part learned by young bees as they observe more experienced bees (see the Perspective by Chittka and Rossi). Specifically, bees that were not exposed to the dances of their older counterparts displayed more angle and distance errors than those that had a “tutor.” Although experience increased angle and direction accuracy, untutored bees were never able to recover accurate distance coding. Thus, as with birds, humans, and other social learning species, honeybees benefit from observing others of their kind that have experience. —SNV
Abstract
Honey bees use a complex form of spatial referential communication. Their “waggle dance” communicates the direction, distance, and quality of a resource to nestmates by encoding celestial cues, retinal optic flow, and relative food value into motion and sound within the nest. We show that correct waggle dancing requires social learning. Bees without the opportunity to follow any dances before they first danced produced significantly more disordered dances with larger waggle angle divergence errors and encoded distance incorrectly. The former deficit improved with experience, but distance encoding was set for life. The first dances of bees that could follow other dancers showed neither impairment. Social learning, therefore, shapes honey bee signaling, as it does communication in human infants, birds, and multiple other vertebrate species.
