2023-10-17 パデュー大学
◆PFASは、飛行場や軍事施設で燃料火災を消火するために使用されている防火膜形成フォーム(AFFF)など、広範な環境汚染物質として広く分布しており、ファストフードパッケージ、調理器具の非粘着コーティング、化粧品、バイオ固形由来の肥料、およびさまざまな製造プロセスにも見られます。この研究は、PFASの毒性の違いを明らかにし、その混合物の毒性に関する洞察を提供し、環境と野生生物の健康に与える影響を理解するのに役立つかもしれません。
<関連情報>
- https://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/releases/2023/Q4/purdue-team-examines-bio-impact-of-toxic-chemical-cocktails-in-the-environment.html
- https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.3c01118
AFFFの影響を受けた地表水に似たPFAS混合物への慢性暴露は、ノーザンレオパードフロッグ(Rana pipiens)の体サイズを減少させる。 Chronic Exposure to a PFAS Mixture Resembling AFFF-Impacted Surface Water Decreases Body Size in Northern Leopard Frogs (Rana pipiens)
Tyler D. Hoskins, R. Wesley Flynn, Grace S. M. Coogan, Ann C. Catlin, Chloe de Perre, Mahsa Modiri Gharehveran, Youn Jeong Choi, Linda S. Lee, Jason T. Hoverman, and Maria S. Sepúlveda
Environmental Science & Technology Published:August 23, 2023
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.3c01118
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) occur in the environment as mixtures, yet mixture toxicity remains poorly understood. Aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) are a common source of PFAS. Our objective was to examine chronic effects of a complex PFAS mixture on amphibian growth and development. We tested toxicity of a five-chemical PFAS mixture summing to 10 μg/L and that accounts for >90% of the PFAS in AFFF-affected surface waters: perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS, 40%), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS, 30%), perflurooctanoic acid (PFOA, 12.5%), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA, 12.5%), and perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA, 5%). We also included treatments to determine whether PFOS drove mixture toxicity and whether PFOS and mixture components act additively. We exposed Northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens) larvae through metamorphosis (∼130 d) in outdoor mesocosms. After 21 days of exposure, the larval body condition fell ∼5% relative to controls in the 4 μg/L PFOS treatment and mixtures lacking PFOS. At metamorphosis, the full 5-component 10 μg/L PFAS mixture reduced mass by 16% relative to controls. We did not observe effects on development. Our results indicate that toxicity of PFOS and other PFAS mixtures typical of AFFF sites act additively and that PFOS is not more inherently toxic than other mixture components.
