(ハエの)脳全体をマッピングする: ヒトの脳の病気解明への一歩(Mapping an entire (fly) brain: A step toward understanding diseases of the human brain)

2024-10-02 プリンストン大学

<関連情報>

• https://engineering.princeton.edu/news/2024/10/02/mapping-entire-fly-brain-step-toward-understanding-diseases-human-brain
• https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07558-y

成人の脳の神経細胞配線図 Neuronal wiring diagram of an adult brain

Sven Dorkenwald,Arie Matsliah,Amy R. Sterling,Philipp Schlegel,Szi-chieh Yu,Claire E. McKellar,Albert Lin,Marta Costa,Katharina Eichler,Yijie Yin,Will Silversmith,Casey Schneider-Mizell,Chris S. Jordan,Derrick Brittain,Akhilesh Halageri,Kai Kuehner,Oluwaseun Ogedengbe,Ryan Morey,Jay Gager,Krzysztof Kruk,Eric Perlman,Runzhe Yang,David Deutsch,Doug Bland,The FlyWire Consortium
Nature  Published:02 October 2024
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07558-y

Abstract

Connections between neurons can be mapped by acquiring and analysing electron microscopic brain images. In recent years, this approach has been applied to chunks of brains to reconstruct local connectivity maps that are highly informative^1,2,3,4,5,6, but nevertheless inadequate for understanding brain function more globally. Here we present a neuronal wiring diagram of a whole brain containing 5 × 10⁷ chemical synapses⁷ between 139,255 neurons reconstructed from an adult female Drosophila melanogaster^8,9. The resource also incorporates annotations of cell classes and types, nerves, hemilineages and predictions of neurotransmitter identities^10,11,12. Data products are available for download, programmatic access and interactive browsing and have been made interoperable with other fly data resources. We derive a projectome—a map of projections between regions—from the connectome and report on tracing of synaptic pathways and the analysis of information flow from inputs (sensory and ascending neurons) to outputs (motor, endocrine and descending neurons) across both hemispheres and between the central brain and the optic lobes. Tracing from a subset of photoreceptors to descending motor pathways illustrates how structure can uncover putative circuit mechanisms underlying sensorimotor behaviours. The technologies and open ecosystem reported here set the stage for future large-scale connectome projects in other species.